Effect of Fertilizer Source on Denitrification and Nitrous Oxide Emissions in a Maize‐field

Duxbury, J. M.; Mcconnaughey, P. K.

doi:10.2136/sssaj1986.03615995005000030020x

Cited by 73 publications

(27 citation statements)

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“…The sampling depth is unlikely to have appreciably influenced the results, as denitrification activity is usually concentrated in the surface soil (Aulakh et al, 1992;Ryden et al, 1987). The CVs reported here (average value of 47%) are within the range commonly reported for denitrification measurement; for example, Duxbury and McConnaughey (1986) reported CVs of 50-60%, and Thompson et al (1987) and Thompson (1989) reported CVs of > 100% when using a similar core incubation method but with two replicate jars per measurement. While the average CV reported here is appreciable, it is worth noting that consistent differences were maintained between treatments.…”

Section: Denitrification Losssupporting

confidence: 68%

Gaseous nitrogen losses and ammonia volatilization measurement following land application of cattle slurry in the mid-Atlantic region of the USA

Thompson

Meisinger

2005

Plant Soil

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To provide locally-determined field data for extension and environmental management purposes, gaseous N losses were measured following cattle slurry application to an arable silty-loam soil in the mid-Atlantic region of the USA. The field had been cropped to no-till maize. NH 3 volatilization was measured with the micro-meteorological, integrated horizontal flux (IHF) method, and denitrification with a core incubation method using acetylene inhibition. An early-winter surface application (5 December 1996; 88 m 3 ha −1 supplying 91 kg NH + 4 -N ha −1 ) was either unincorporated or immediately incorporated. NH 3 volatilization was measured from the unincorporated application, and denitrification from both slurry treatments and appropriate control soils. Total NH 3 loss from the unincorporated slurry application was 19% of applied NH + 4 -N; temperatures were cool (4-6 • C), and 25 mm of rain fell within 24 h of application. For 3 months, enhanced denitrification occurred from the two slurry treatments, with generally higher rates from the incorporated slurry. Total net denitrification loss from the surface-applied and incorporated slurry treatments was, respectively, 11 and 17% of applied NH + 4 -N. Denitrification loss over the winter/early-spring period was appreciable but not substantial, even where NH 3 volatilization was restricted by immediate incorporation. From the spring application (30 April 1997, 39 m 3 ha −1 supplying 51 kg NH + 4 -N ha −1 ), total NH 3 loss was 71% of applied NH + 4 -N. These NH 3 volatilization loss data and the similarity of climate suggest that NH 3 loss factors from recent NW European work are likely to be generally applicable in the mid-Atlantic region. NH 3 volatilization from the spring application was also measured using the Z-instrument (Z INST ) approach, and with a system of small wind tunnels. A comparative assessment of the three methods is reported.

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Section: Denitrification Losssupporting

confidence: 68%

Gaseous nitrogen losses and ammonia volatilization measurement following land application of cattle slurry in the mid-Atlantic region of the USA

Thompson

Meisinger

2005

Plant Soil

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“…processed by nitrification) would be expected, corresponding to 10.5 lg N 2 O-N kg -1 day -1 , which would have been below the level of detection in our system. The IPCC emission factor of 1.25% includes emissions from both nitrification and denitrification and estimates from Subbarao et al (2006) suggest that emissions from nitrification rarely exceed 2% and only exceptionally reach 4% (Duxbury and McConnaughey 1986).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of the nitrification inhibitor dicyandiamide on microbial communities and N2O from an arable soil fertilized with ammonium sulphate

Carneiro

Cardenas²,

Hatch³

et al. 2009

Environ Chem Lett

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Nitrous oxide (N 2 O) affects climate change as a greenhouse gas and indirectly contributes to stratospheric ozone depletion. The main source of N 2 O in soils is denitrification which requires high soil moisture, carbon and nitrate. Nitrification inhibitors can be used to mitigate emissions of N 2 O from soils. In Portugal, fertilisers are often applied when soils are still relatively warm and moist conditions conducive to denitrification. A Portuguese arable soil was inhibited with dicyandiamide, a nitrification inhibitor and the effect on soil microbiological activity and composition was determined after 46 days. Soils were then incubated and received carbon and ammonium under high soil water conditions and mineral N and N 2 O fluxes were measured during 22 days. We found that dicyandiamide decreased microbial populations and activity, but did not alter composition. Pre-conditioning of the soil with dicyandiamide was 80% more effective in reducing fluxes of N 2 O than simultaneous application with fertiliser.

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“…They found N 2 O emission from maize fields ranged from 0.5 to 7.3% of N applied compared with 0.1-1.0% of N applied from fallow fields. Duxbury and McConnaughey (1986) found total gaseous N loss during corn growth was less than 3% of the applied N, and loss of N as N 2 O during nitrification of NH 4 + was not a major route of N loss.…”

Section: N Application Effectmentioning

confidence: 86%

Tillage and Nitrogen Application Effects on Nitrous and Nitric Oxide Emissions from Irrigated Corn Fields

et al. 2005

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A 2-year study was conducted to investigate the potential of no-till cropping systems to reduce N 2 O and NO emissions under different N application rates in an irrigated corn field in northeastern Colorado. Flux measurements were begun in the spring of 2003, using vented (N 2 O) and dynamic (NO) chambers, one to three times per week, year round, within plots that were cropped continuously to corn (Zea mays L.) under conventional-till (CT) and no-till (NT). Plots were fertilized at planting in late April with rates of 0, 134 and 224 kg N ha )1 and corn was harvested in late October or early November each year. N 2 O and NO fluxes increased linearly with N application rate in both years. Compared with CT, NT did not significantly affect the emission of N 2 O but resulted in much lower emission of NO. In 2003 and 2004 corn growing seasons, the increase in N 2 O-N emitted per kg ha )1 of fertilizer N added was 14.5 and 4.1 g ha )1 for CT, and 11.2 and 5.5 g ha )1 for NT, respectively. However, the increase in NO-N emitted per kg ha )1 of fertilizer N added was only 3.6 and 7.4 g ha )1 for CT and 1.6 and 2.0 g ha )1 for NT in 2003 and 2004, respectively. In the fallow season (November 2003 to April 2004, much greater N 2 O (2.0-3.1 times) and NO (13.1-16.8 times) were emitted from CT than from NT although previous N application did not show obvious carry-over effect on both gas emissions. Results from this study reveal that NT has potential to reduce NO emission without an obvious change in N 2 O emission under continuous irrigated corn cropping compared to CT.

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Effect of Fertilizer Source on Denitrification and Nitrous Oxide Emissions in a Maize‐field

Cited by 73 publications

References 0 publications

Gaseous nitrogen losses and ammonia volatilization measurement following land application of cattle slurry in the mid-Atlantic region of the USA

Gaseous nitrogen losses and ammonia volatilization measurement following land application of cattle slurry in the mid-Atlantic region of the USA

Effect of the nitrification inhibitor dicyandiamide on microbial communities and N2O from an arable soil fertilized with ammonium sulphate

Tillage and Nitrogen Application Effects on Nitrous and Nitric Oxide Emissions from Irrigated Corn Fields

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