Effect of Fire on Growth and Allocation Strategies of Mikania micrantha Under Early Successional Environments

Swamy, P. S.; Ramakrishnan, P. S.

doi:10.2307/2403852

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…These observations are supported by Rejmánek (1989), who states that very often an invasion of non-native species does not have its maximum in the beginning (of a successional series, the author) but increases during the first 5 to 10 years and declines later (Rejmánek 1989: 372). Similar growth characteristics for M. micrantha have been observed during succession in slash-and-burn agriculture in India (Swamy and Ramakrishnan 1988). Only here, the plant reached its peak growth in 4～5 years old fallows, but decreased in 8 years old fallow areas.…”

Section: Influence Of the Abandonment Of Landsupporting

confidence: 83%

“…This study shows that disturbance seems to be a crucial factor for the establishment and spread of M. micrantha. This generally applies to the growth habits of plant invasions (Mack 1989, Hobbs 1989) and has been observed for M. micrantha in other countries, for example in northern India, where the climber rapidly invades land, which is influenced by fire due to slash-and-burn agriculture (Swamy and Ramakrishnan 1988). Nevertheless, the alien species is only promoted if disturbances occur occasionally.…”

Section: Influence Of Disturbancesmentioning

confidence: 81%

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Distribution and Ecological Range of the Alien Plant Species Mikania micrantha Kunth (Asteraceae) in Taiwan

Willis¹,

Zerbe²,

Kuo³

2008

J. Ecol. Environ.

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In the past two decades Mikania micrantha Kunth, a climbing plant species originating from tropical America, has spread across Taiwan. It can now be found frequently in the lowlands and lower mountain areas up to 1,000 m a.s.l. in the centre and south of the island. Mikania micrantha is considered a problematic invasive alien plant species which is said to cause economical as well as environmental damage. This study investigated the ecological site characteristics of M. micrantha in Taiwan. 112 vegetation surveys were carried out in habitats where the alien plant was present. A comparison between sites with a high and a low abundance was carried out in order to assess which factors especially influence the extensive spread of the plant. Furthermore, the influence of disturbances was examined. Results showed that Mikania micrantha grows very dense in habitats which are characterized by good light conditions combined with vertical structures, such as trees. Results revealed that this invader occurs most frequently in agricultural fallows and wastelands, but it could hardly be found in the intensively managed plantations in the investigation area. Results provide great evidence that the plant is strongly influenced by disturbances, but only if impacts occur rarely.

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Section: Influence Of the Abandonment Of Landsupporting

confidence: 83%

Section: Influence Of Disturbancesmentioning

confidence: 81%

Distribution and Ecological Range of the Alien Plant Species Mikania micrantha Kunth (Asteraceae) in Taiwan

Willis¹,

Zerbe²,

Kuo³

2008

J. Ecol. Environ.

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“…In particular, studies have shown that burning of vegetation and manual weed control for crops, common practices in the lowland grasslands of Nepal and India, can promote spread. For example, in shifting agriculture in north-east India, after slash and burn in forests, mikania vigour was greater than in unburnt plots, indicating that mikania can survive after fire (Swamy & Ramakrishnan, 1987a, 1988). In addition, it has been shown that mikania is more efficient than most native plants at utilizing important nutrients when these and light are not limiting (Swamy & Ramakrishnan, 1987b), and after burning nutrients are often plentiful.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Invasive mikania in Chitwan National Park, Nepal: the threat to the greater one-horned rhinoceros Rhinoceros unicornis and factors driving the invasion

Murphy

Subedi

Jnawali

et al. 2013

Oryx

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As part of a census of the Indian rhinoceros Rhinoceros unicornis a survey was conducted to measure the extent of invasion by the neotropical plant mikania Mikania micrantha across major habitats of Chitwan National Park important for the conservation of the rhinoceros. Previous work has demonstrated that this fire-adapted plant can smother and kill native flora such as grasses and sapling trees, several of which are important fodder plants of the rhinoceros. Here, additional studies were conducted on the risks of anthropogenic factors (natural resource collection and grassland burning) contributing to the spread and growth of the plant. Mikania is currently found across 44% of habitats sampled and almost 15% of these have a high infestation (. 50% coverage). Highest densities were recorded from riverine forest, tall grass and wetland habitats and this is where the highest numbers of rhinoceroses were recorded in the habitats surveyed during the census. Local community dependence on natural resources in the core area of the Park is high. The range and volume of resources (e.g. fodder) collected and the distances travelled all pose a high risk of the spread of mikania. Of greater significance is the annual burning of the grasslands in the Park by local communities, estimated at 25-50% of the total area. It is imperative, therefore, that core elements of a management plan for mikania incorporate actions to control burning, reduce spread and raise awareness about best practice for local resource management by local communities.

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“…Macanawai AR), implying that germination, followed by seedling emergence, could occur at almost any time of the year in Fiji, as long as other conditions for germination such as rainfall were favourable (Table ). The rapid germination rate of M. micrantha seed in all of the alternating temperatures used (Table ) suggests M. micrantha may be able to emerge and establish in advance of all other species found nearby, creating a much greater chance for its dominance within the establishing community (Swamy & Ramakrishnan, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seed biology of Mikania micrantha in Viti Levu, Fiji

2018

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Summary Mikania micrantha (mile‐a‐minute) reproduces both by seed and vegetatively. A study to determine the possible pollinators, seed production rates, temperature and salinity limitations to germination and its seedbank size and persistence was conducted in Viti Levu, Fiji. Representatives of the Diptera had the greatest percentage of all floral visits (38%), followed by Hymenoptera (34%) and Lepidoptera (27%), while the honeybee was the most recurring visitor (18% of all visits). Flower heads (capitula) within the inflorescence commonly formed four viable seeds, resulting in 60 820 filled seed being produced per m2. However, the seedbanks formed were not massive (600 seed m−2) and they were moderately persistent (T50: 1–3 years). Seed germination from both high and moderate rainfall regions occurred rapidly, under a wide range of temperature regimes, with no primary dormancy being observed. This study indicates that the seed reproductive success of M. micrantha in the two rainfall regions of Fiji is due to a number of factors, including the production of large numbers of flowers, successful pollination by local insects and the subsequent production of a large number of viable seeds. These seeds have high viability, no dormancy and are capable of forming small‐to‐medium seedbanks that are moderately long‐lived. In addition, seeds can germinate under a wide range of temperature and salinity conditions. This knowledge on seed production, biology, longevity and salt tolerance is vital in the development of management plans of M. micrantha in Fiji.

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Effect of Fire on Growth and Allocation Strategies of Mikania micrantha Under Early Successional Environments

Cited by 8 publications

References 19 publications

Distribution and Ecological Range of the Alien Plant Species Mikania micrantha Kunth (Asteraceae) in Taiwan

Distribution and Ecological Range of the Alien Plant Species Mikania micrantha Kunth (Asteraceae) in Taiwan

Invasive mikania in Chitwan National Park, Nepal: the threat to the greater one-horned rhinoceros Rhinoceros unicornis and factors driving the invasion

Seed biology of Mikania micrantha in Viti Levu, Fiji

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