Effect of fire smoke on some biochemical parameters in firefighters of Saudi Arabia

Al-Malki, Abdulrahman L.; Rezq, Ameen M; Al-Saedy, Mohamed H

doi:10.1186/1745-6673-3-33

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…The findings of the present study also supplemented by the observations that fire smoke can also hampers the serum electrolyte concentration, serum enzymes, renal function, lipid profile and bilirubin level in fire workers and decrease in serum electrolytes in CCl 4 treated rats have also been reported 12,31 . Similarly, hepatotoxic and nephrotoxic effect of petroleum fumes has also been observed, that petroleum fumes significantly alter the serum liver enzymes, bilirubin concentration, creatinine level, total protein and urea level, besides, serum electrolyte concentration on peoples of filling station 32 .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 53%

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Untitled

2017

IJPSR

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SO 2 is considered as one of the most poisonous and irritant gas because it alters the physiology, biochemistry and behaviour of the living individuals. In the present investigation the effect of oral administration of Emblica officinalis on serum electrolyte in SO 2 exposed albino rats. The thirty albino rats were grouped in three sets -control set (1) were kept in control conditions, while, rats of experimental set (2) were exposed to 80 ppm of SO 2 gas 1h/d for 30 and 60 days and rats of experimental set (3) were exposed to 80 ppm of SO 2 gas 1h/d with oral administration of Emblica officinalis fruits extracts (200 mg/kg b.wt.) for 30 and 60 days, respectively. The results exhibits that rats of 30 days showed non-significant (P > 0.05) decrease in plasma potassium ion concentration compared with the control while the rats of 60 days showed significant (P < 0.05) decrease in plasma potassium ion concentration compared with the control. The SO 2 exposed subjects show significant (P < 0.05) decrease in chloride, bicarbonate and sodium ions concentrations compared with the control after 30 and 60 days exposed rats. Oral administration of Emblica officinalis recovers all these electrolyte concentration at their standard physiological level, hence, play an important role in mitigating the SO 2 induced toxicity in mammalian system.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 53%

“…and NO 2 have major effect on the absorption, elimination and serum concentration of many physiologically important electrolytes and minerals, besides affecting liver and kidney physiology 12 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Untitled

2017

IJPSR

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“…; Al‐Malki et al. ). Therefore, investigating possible relationships between cytokine and cortisol levels among sleep‐restricted firefighters performing physical work in a hot and smoky environment represents a logical next step for firefighting‐based research in this area.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…External heat sources while performing physical work may influence inflammatory markers and cortisol (Lieberman et al 2005;Walsh and Whitham 2006;Hailes et al 2011). Wood smoke exposure has also been associated with increases IL-6 and IL-8 (Swiston et al 2008), and decreases in IL-10 and cortisol (Burgess et al 2002;Al-Malki et al 2008). Therefore, investigating possible relationships between cytokine and cortisol levels among sleep-restricted firefighters performing physical work in a hot and smoky environment represents a logical next step for firefighting-based research in this area.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationships between inflammatory cytokine and cortisol responses in firefighters exposed to simulated wildfire suppression work and sleep restriction

et al. 2015

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The interplay between inflammatory and cortisol responses modulates an appropriate response to a stressor. Exposure to severe stressors, however, may alter the actions and relationships of these responses and contribute to negative health outcomes. Physical work and sleep restriction are two stressors faced by wildland firefighters, yet their influence on the relationship between inflammatory and cortisol responses is unknown. The aim of the present study was to quantify the relationship between the cytokine and cortisol responses to sleep restriction while performing simulated physical wildfire suppression work. Firefighters completed 3 days of simulated physical firefighting work separated by either an 8-h (Control condition; n = 18) or 4-h sleep (Sleep restriction condition; n = 17) opportunity on each of the two nights. Salivary cortisol and inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-8, IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-4, and IL-10) were measured throughout each day. An increase in morning IL-6 was related to a rise (6.2%, P = 0.043) in evening cortisol among firefighters in the sleep restriction condition. Higher morning IL-6 levels were related to increased (5.3%, P = 0.048) daily cortisol levels, but this relationship was not different between conditions. Less pronounced relationships were demonstrated between TNF-α, IL-10, IL-4, and cortisol independent of the sleep opportunity, but relationships did not persist after adjusting for demographic factors and other cytokines. These findings quantify the relationship between cytokine and cortisol responses among wildland firefighters exposed to simulated occupational stressors. Potential disturbances to the IL-6 and cortisol relationship among sleep-restricted firefighters’ supports further investigations into the negative health effects related to possible imbalances between these systems.

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“…Several human diseases can be associated with chronic exposure to air pollution, such as cardiovascular disease, rheumatic heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, and hypertension (Brook et al 2004). In addition, wood smoke may cause asthma, blindness, headache, respiratory tract infections (Ekici et al 2005), cervical cancer in women (Velema et al 2002), cataracts, lung cancer, low birth weight (Pope et al 2010) and also affect the serum biochemical and hematologic parameters in exposed population (Al-Malki et al 2008;Kamal et al 2014). Among the different mechanisms proposed to explain these adverse effects induced by a wide range of air pollutants, the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the generation of oxidative stress have received great attention of scientific community (Oh et al 2006;Sauvain et al 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Biomarkers of PAH exposure and hematologic effects in subjects exposed to combustion emission during residential (and professional) cooking practices in Pakistan

Kamal

Cincinelli

Martellini

et al. 2015

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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During the last decade, advances in analytical methods, an avalanche of information available over the Internet and a creation of international collaborations, have greatly increased our understanding of the role of trace elements in humans. Today, morbidity and mortality related to trace element deficiencies or toxicities affect more than half of the world's population. Research on both essential and toxic trace elements runs the gamut, from studies of dietary intake, requirements, and standards to optimal homeostasis and threshold values to genetic, molecular, and biochemical investigations of mechanisms of action. Specifically, trace elements are known to be involved in receptor, hormone, and enzyme functions, as well as genetics and derangements in disease.Disorders of trace element metabolism represent an important class of human diseases. The best known of these reflect abnormalities in iron, copper, or zinc metabolism. These diseases can lead to a deficiency of the metal in the tissues (e.g., matriptase-2 deficiency for iron, Menkes disease for copper, acrodermatitis enteropathica for zinc) or an excess (e.g., hemochromatosis for iron, Wilson's disease for copper). The adverse health effects resulting from trace element malnutrition have been almost completely solved in affluent countries with the exception of marginalized population groups, but deficiencies of trace element are still quite prevalent in less developed countries. Similarly, acute and chronic toxicity due to overexposure/pollution is a much more extensive problem in less developed countries than those that are affluent. Subclinical conditions of toxicity may be associated with a chronic low level occupational, environmental toxic exposure, or food toxicology and lead to insidious biological effects that indirectly affect health and disease risk.The propensity of a metal to be accumulated by living organisms depends on the affinity of the element for biological surfaces and its ability to cross external cell membranes, which, in turn, depends on its speciation. Once incorporated inside cells, the fate of the metal and its effects will depend on the ability of the organism to detoxify, and ultimately, eliminate the metal. Metals inappropriately bound to sensitive subcellular components, such as mitochondria or metabolic enzymes, can lead to oxidative stress and substantial metabolic costs. Each species within a food web possesses its own capacity for metal accumulation, storage, detoxification, and elimination. This species-specific response, combined with behavioral and ecological considerations of predator-prey interactions, greatly affects the capacity of metals to efficiently transfer along food webs and to induce toxicity.The present issue of ESPR contains selected articles contributed by speakers at the International Seminar BEcotoxicology and toxicology: problems and decisions.T he meeting was held in Rovaltain, Alixan, France, on 26 November 2015 and was organized by Trace ElementInstitute for UNESCO (TEU) and Foundation Rovaltain, in...

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Effect of fire smoke on some biochemical parameters in firefighters of Saudi Arabia

Cited by 9 publications

References 20 publications

Untitled

Untitled

Relationships between inflammatory cytokine and cortisol responses in firefighters exposed to simulated wildfire suppression work and sleep restriction

Biomarkers of PAH exposure and hematologic effects in subjects exposed to combustion emission during residential (and professional) cooking practices in Pakistan

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