Effect of fish meal supplementation on plasma and endometrial fatty acid composition in nonlactating beef cows1,2

Abstract

Seven nonlactating mature Angus cows (4 to 10 yr old) were used to examine the effects of fish meal supplementation on plasma and endometrial fatty acid composition. Cows were fed a corn silage-based diet supplemented with either fish meal, a rich source of the n-3 fatty acids, eicosapentaenoate and docosahexaenoate (n = 3; 5.1% of dietary DM), or corn gluten meal (n = 4; 8.5% of dietary DM) for approximately 64 d. Cows were given 25 mg of PGF2alpha (i.m.) on d 11 and 25 of supplementation to synchronize estrous cycles. On d 18 postestrus of the second estrous cycle, cows were slaughtered, and caruncular endometrium was dissected from uteri immediately after slaughter. Jugular blood samples were collected immediately before supplementation was initiated (d 0) and at 7-d intervals for 35 d of the study. Plasma eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids did not differ between treatment groups on d 0 (P > 0.10); however, these fatty acids were greater in cows supplemented with fish meal over the first 35 d of supplementation compared with cows supplemented with corn gluten meal (P < 0.05). Endometrial docosahexaenoic acid did not differ (P = 0.12), whereas eicosapentaenoic acid was greater (P < 0.05) in cows supplemented with fish meal than in cows supplemented with corn gluten meal. These results indicate that dietary fish meal alters plasma and endometrial n-3 fatty acid composition in beef cows.

Effect of dietary enrichment with either n-3 or n-6 fatty acids on systemic metabolite and hormone concentration and ovarian function in heifers

“…The similarity in daily DMI across diets was mirrored in animal performance with no effect on ADG, consistent with the report of Wistuba et al (2006). Despite evidence of a diet 3 day interaction for plasma concentrations of some FA measured, concentrations of most FA were generally consistent with other published reports (Filley et al, 2000;Burns et al, 2003) involving similar dietary approaches. Consequently, rather than discussing the effect of diet on each FA measured, we focus on a select number of FAs in the context of their potential biological roles in metabolism and reproduction.…”

“…Consequently, rather than discussing the effect of diet on each FA measured, we focus on a select number of FAs in the context of their potential biological roles in metabolism and reproduction. The addition of the whole soya beans increased the concentrations of linoleic acid in plasma consistent with other studies involving dietary supplementation of cattle with a source of linoleic acid (Filley et al, 2000;Burns et al, 2003). The linoleic acid content of cattle follicular fluid and of oocytes is apparently important for oocyte developmental competence (Homa and Brown, 1992) and has been shown to be important for blastulation in in vitro fertilisation studies (Zeron et al, 2001).…”

Selenite and selenate affect the fatty acid profile in in vitro incubated ovine ruminal fluid containing linseed oil

“…In ruminants, dietary vegetable and fish oils disappear in the rumen stomach compartment through lipolysis to free FA (fFA), followed by biohydrogenation of the released unsaturated FA (UFA) (Burns et al, 2003;Lee and Jenkins, 2011;Buccioni et al, 2012). In the rumen, dietary esterified lipids are hydrolyzed to fFA and glycerol as well as, in small concentrations, to mono-and diglycerides by microbial lipases; these lipases are extra-cellular enzymes assembled in small beads (Jenkins et al, 2008;Buccioni et al, 2012).…”

“…Dietary UFA, especially long-chain PUFA (LPUFA), have several positive and negative effects on rumen metabolism that affect the fermentation pattern, protozoal numbers, nutrient digestion, growth efficiency of microorganisms, and kinetics and site of digestion (Burns et al, 2003;Chikunya et al, 2004;Niedźwiedzka et al, 2008;Czauderna et al, 2010Czauderna et al, , 2012aBuccioni et al, 2012). The nutritional quality of lipids in the edible parts of a ruminant's carcass may be enhanced by dietary manipulation strategies that minimize biohydrogenation of the ingested UFA in the rumen.…”

“…This strategy has been traditionally achieved by the treatment of protein-rich lipid supplements with formaldehyde (Chikunya et al, 2004). LPUFAn-3, abundantly present in fish oils, may provide a natural protection against biohydrogenation by the ruminal microorganisms (Burns et al, 2003;Chow et al, 2004;Wąsowska et al, 2006a;Buccioni et al, 2012). Recent studies revealed that selenate (Se VI ) or selenite (Se IV ) changed the contents of the FA, especially the CLA isomers and other conjugated FA, in the ovine ruminal fluid (Sieber et al, 2004;Wąsowska et al, 2006b;Czauderna et al, 2010Czauderna et al, , 2012a, the liver, muscles, internal organs and adipose tissues of animals (Czauderna et al, 2004a(Czauderna et al, , b, 2007Korniluk et al, 2006;Niedźwiedzka et al, 2008;Krajewska et al, 2012).…”