Effect of fish scales on fabrication of polyester composite material reinforcements

Abstract

Renewable resources are used to create useful, biologically sustainable materials. It has the potential to minimize waste while also challenging existing research and developments. Several researchers have concentrated their efforts on natural fiber composites. Natural fibers include plant, mineral, and animal fibers. In this project fish scales, a bio-waste, were used as a reinforcing agent in polyester/polystyrene for the fabrication of composite materials in the different weight fractions of 0, 6, 7, 9, and 11%, at a constant load of 1 N and temperature of 20 and 26°C. The hand layup technique was used to create the fabrication setup for composite materials. The creep behavior, modulus of elasticity, and stress were studied experimentally.

Effect of Immersion Media for Polyester Composite Reinforced with Chicken Feathers on Creep Behavior

“…Liquid polyester (Up) was prepared separately and added to the Ps mixture at a 92:8 ratio of polyester to polystyrene and stirred for 3 h [8]. Thereafter, an appropriate hardener (K-6) was added to the solution in the recommended proportion (10:1) and stirred for 15 min.…”

“…The creep characteristics of the Up-Ps composites were estimated by creep testing. The tests were conducted according to ASTM D2990 [8] at a constant temperature of 21 °C using the creep testing machine model WP600, as shown in Fig. 4.…”

“…Abed and Battawi [8] investigated the creep behaviour of polystyrene composites reinforced with natural fibre at various weight fractions, constant loads, and temperatures. Hand layup technique was used to build the manufacturing setup for composite materials.…”

Experimental, theoretical and numerical investigation of creep characteristics of fish scale powder-chicken feather filled polyester composites

“…The stress relaxation equation can be expressed as: (9) Table (1) lists the constant values of the materials for different weight fraction. ) are the first and second derivatives, respectively, of stress and strain with respect to time t.…”

“…ABED and Ali A. Battawi. [9] Studied the creep behavior of polystyrene composites reinforced with natural fiber in varying weight fractions, constant load, and different temperatures. The fabrication setup for composite materials was created using the hand layup process.…”