Effect of flax fiber content on polylactic acid (PLA) crystallization in PLA/flax fiber composites

Xia, Xuelian; Shi, Xiangyang; Liu, Wen Tao; Zhao, Hongliang; Li, Hui; Zhang, Yanhua

doi:10.1007/s13726-017-0554-9

Cited by 27 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…According to Xia et al, the DSC results of the PLA–fiber crystallization were in agreement with the conclusion obtained from the dynamic mechanical analysis test, and compared to that of the neat PLA, the cold crystallization exothermic peak of the PLA–flax fiber shifted to lower temperatures.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 82%

“…Thus, specific cellulose and starch composites that present hydrophilic phases make the θ values smaller and imply a lower surface energy. Thus, the initial contact of the medium with the surface of the material is favored and can increase the retention of water and the fragility of the material . Furthermore, hydrolysis occurs mostly in bulk and depends on other factors, such as stiffness, crystallinity, formation, cracking, and bonding energy.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Poly(lactic acid)–thermoplastic starch–cotton composites: Starch‐compatibilizing effects and composite biodegradability

Macedo

Santos

Rosa

2019

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Poly(lactic acid) (PLA) is a biodegradable, brittle, and high-cost polymer, which can be applied over structural components and green packaging. In this study, we reinforced PLA with natural cotton (10 wt %) and thermoplastic starch (TPS; 3 wt %) to obtain a biodegradable and lower cost composite. TPS was incorporated in three distinct ways: it was blended, coated, and blended and coated. In this study, we investigated the compatibilization of TPS in the improvement of matrix-reinforcement adhesion and increase in the tensile behavior without a compromise in biodegradation. The samples were investigated with thermal analysis, dynamic mechanical thermal analysis, tensile testing, scanning electron microscopy, confocal laser scanning microscopy, and hydrolytic degradation. The results show that the coupling effect was more pronounced in the PLA TPS -cotton TPS (hybrid system with PLA and cotton) hybrid system. This formulation presented a higher glass-transition temperature, thermal stability, storage modulus, wettability, and ductility. The TPS addition improved the adhesion between the matrix and starched cotton fiber and retarded abiotic biodegradation. These properties will allow for green applications.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 82%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Poly(lactic acid)–thermoplastic starch–cotton composites: Starch‐compatibilizing effects and composite biodegradability

Macedo

Santos

Rosa

2019

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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“…The energy dissipation of the PLA composites is shown in Figure 10. Similar to a previous study, 28 a tan d value of >2 was obtained for pure PLA. The results in Figure 10 show that, with increasing fiber content, tan d decreased to a quarter of the original value.…”

Section: Dynamic Mechanical Thermal Analysissupporting

confidence: 88%

Effect of short basalt fibers on durability, mechanical properties, and thermal properties of polylactic acid composites

Han

Chen

et al. 2019

Polymers from Renewable Resources

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The effect of basalt fiber (BF) content on the properties of BF-reinforced polylactic acid (PLA) composites was investigated. Composites with 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, and 60 wt% BF were fabricated. The results revealed that (1) the mechanical properties improved with increasing BF content. The maximum tensile strength and modulus of the composites (i.e. 140 and 5050 MPa, respectively) occurred at a BF content of 50%. The maximum flexural strength, that is, 159.5 MPa was two times larger than that of the pure PLA and was obtained at a BF content of 40%. However, the mechanical properties deteriorated at BF contents >50%. (2) BF can stop storage modulus loss and are effective in improving the crystallinity, as revealed by dynamic mechanical analysis and differential scanning calorimetry measurements. The crystallinity improved from 34.6% to 54.6% with BF addition. (3) After the accelerated aging test, pure PLA was too weak for testing. However, high values of the tensile modulus (i.e. 60% that of the nonaged samples) were maintained by the BF-reinforced PLA. This resulted possibly from the high crystallinity of the PLA composites. Therefore, suitable amounts of BF as reinforcements can yield improvements in the performance of PLA composites.

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“…Elementary carbon nanofibers with diameters of approximately 150 nm are clearly visible in the microphotographs. Meanwhile, no new structures (e.g., transcrystallites 29,30 ) were observed at the polymer‐filler interphase. In Figure 3C, free carbon nanofibers with low degree of adhesion to the PLA matrix are seen also; they are oriented in the direction of the filament axis.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Formation and stability of the conducting cluster in the composite filaments based on polylactide and carbon nanofibers

et al. 2023

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Composite threads based on polylactide (PLA) containing up to 20 wt% carbon nanofibers (CNF) were produced using melt technology. The formation of a percolation cluster was studied in composite filaments with various morphologies (non‐oriented, subjected to isothermal crystallization, and oriented by six times). By adding 20 wt% CNF, a specific resistance of 100 Ohm m was achieved in the PLA filament. With orientation stretching, the specific resistance was 107 Ohm m, regardless of the CNF concentration. The scanning electron microscopy study showed poor adhesion between PLA and CNF. Threads containing 1 wt% CNF demonstrated stable conductive characteristics under dynamic loading for 24 h (50% of their breaking load). Studies of the creep of composite fibers have shown that small amounts of CNFs promote the sliding of polymer fibrils. In vivo tests showed that the addition of 5 wt% CNF led to an increase in the rate of bioresorption of PLA filaments. Additionally, the conductive properties were maintained for 12 months after implantation. The prepared filaments can be used in flexible electronics for biomedical applications.

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Effect of flax fiber content on polylactic acid (PLA) crystallization in PLA/flax fiber composites

Cited by 27 publications

References 61 publications

Poly(lactic acid)–thermoplastic starch–cotton composites: Starch‐compatibilizing effects and composite biodegradability

Poly(lactic acid)–thermoplastic starch–cotton composites: Starch‐compatibilizing effects and composite biodegradability

Effect of short basalt fibers on durability, mechanical properties, and thermal properties of polylactic acid composites

Formation and stability of the conducting cluster in the composite filaments based on polylactide and carbon nanofibers

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