Effect of Floricane Number in `Marion' Trailing Blackberry. II. Yield Components and Dry Mass Partitioning

Cortell, Jessica M.; Strik, Bernadine C.

doi:10.21273/jashs.122.5.611

Cited by 16 publications

(17 citation statements)

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“…Cortell and Strik (1997a) also observed lower primocane production in 'Marion' when floricanes were present. Floricanes reduce light penetration into the canopy and may compete with primocanes during fruit production for carbon and nutrients (Cortell and Strik, 1997b;Mohadjer et al, 2001).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Weed Management Practices for Organic Production of Trailing Blackberry: I. Plant Growth and Early Fruit Production

Harkins¹,

Strik²,

Bryla³

2013

horts

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Weed management practices were evaluated in a new field of trailing blackberry (Rubus L. subgenus Rubus Watson) established in western Oregon. The field was planted in May 2010 and certified organic in May 2012. Treatments included two cultivars, Marion and Black Diamond, grown in 1) non-weeded plots, where weeds were cut to the ground just before harvest; 2) hand-weeded plots, hoed two to three times per year; and 3) weed mat plots, covered with black landscape fabric. Each treatment was fertilized with fish emulsion and irrigated by drip. Weeds increased from 2010 through 2012 in both non-weeded and hand-weeded plots and required 38 and 90 h·ha−1 of labor to remove the weeds in the latter treatment in 2011 and 2012, respectively. Weeds in weed mat plots, in comparison, were confined primarily to the planting holes in the fabric and required only 1 h·ha−1 of labor for weed removal each year. Blackberry growth, in terms of number and dry weight of the primocanes, was similar among treatments during the first year after planting but differed with cultivar and weed management the next season. In 2011, ‘Black Diamond’ produced shorter but an average of three more primocanes per plant than ‘Marion’, whereas plants in hand-weeded and weed mat plots produced nearly twice as many primocanes as non-weeded plots. Hence, when fruit were produced on floricanes (the previous year’s primocanes) for the first time in 2012, ‘Black Diamond’ had 15% more yield than ‘Marion’, and weed control increased yield by 67% with hand-weeding and 100% with weed mat, on average. ‘Black Diamond’ and weed control also produced larger berries (measured as average individual fruit weight) with a greater water content but a lower soluble solids concentration. So far, of the three practices studied, weed mat was best suited to organic production of blackberries. The initial cost of the weed mat was far less than the cost of hand-weeding during the first 3 years after planting, and after only one season of fruit production, the yield benefit of weed mat provided enough profit to warrant its use over no weeding or hand-weeding.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Weed Management Practices for Organic Production of Trailing Blackberry: I. Plant Growth and Early Fruit Production

Harkins¹,

Strik²,

Bryla³

2013

horts

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“…Most of the research published to date on trailing blackberry has been in 'Marion' or other older cultivars (Bell et al, 1995a(Bell et al, , 1995bCortell et al, 1997aCortell et al, , 1997bJulian et al, 2009;Mohadjer et al, 2001;Sheets et al, 1972;Takeda et al, 2002). However, many newer thornless cultivars, such as 'Black Diamond', are desirable to producers because they reduce training time and cane damage and eliminate the risk of finding thorny petioles in the machine-harvested, processed end product (Strik and Buller, 2002).…”

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confidence: 99%

Weed Management, Training, and Irrigation Practices for Organic Production of Trailing Blackberry: I. Mature Plant Growth and Fruit Production

Dixon

Strik

Valenzuela-Estrada

et al. 2015

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Weed management, training time, and irrigation practices were evaluated from 2013 to 2014 in a mature field of trailing blackberry (Rubus L. subgenus Rubus Watson) established in western Oregon. The field was planted in 2010 and certified organic in 2012, before the first harvest season. Treatments included two cultivars (Marion and Black Diamond), three weed management practices [nonweeded, hand-weeded or bare soil, and weed mat (black landscape fabric)], two irrigation strategies (irrigation throughout the growing season and no postharvest irrigation), and two primocane training dates (August and February). When averaged over the other treatments, ‘Marion’ and ‘Black Diamond’ had similar yields in both years. However, the presence of weeds reduced vegetative growth and yield, especially in ‘Black Diamond’, while weed mat increased growth and yield over hand-weeded plots by 13%. Withholding irrigation after harvest reduced water use by an average of 44% each year without adversely affecting yield in either cultivar. The effects of training time were primarily seen in 2014 after a cold winter. August-trained ‘Marion’ plants had more cold damage than February-trained plants and, consequently, had fewer and shorter canes, less biomass, fewer nodes, and 1 kg/plant less yield than February-trained plants. ‘Black Diamond’ was cold hardier than ‘Marion’, but was more readily infested by raspberry crown borer (Pennisetia marginata Harris). As the planting reached maturity, yields in the best performing organic production systems (both cultivars under weed mat and ‘Marion’ that was February-trained) averaged 11 and 9 t·ha−1, for ‘Black Diamond’ and ‘Marion’ respectively, similar to what would be expected in conventional production.

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“…High planting density, as is often observed in tunnels (B.C. Strik, personal observation), and reduced light may have decreased branch production as has been noted in other studies on blackberry (Cortell and Strik, 1997;Strik et al, 2012;Swartz et al, 1984). The branches on tipped canes were found near the cut tip of the cane as has been reported previously (Strik et al, 2012).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 59%

The Impact of Severity and Time of Tipping and Hedging on Performance of Primocane-fruiting Blackberry in a Tunnel

Strik

Buller

2012

hortte

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Summer pruning systems were compared for ‘Prime-Jan’® primocane-fruiting blackberry (Rubus subgenus Rubus) grown in a fully closed, plastic covered tunnel in Aurora, OR. Individual canes were soft-tipped (by removing 0.10 m) or hard-tipped (removing 0.45 m) to a 1-m height on each of four dates in 2008 and 2009. On average, canes that were hard-tipped produced more branches and had more fruit/cane than soft-tipped canes. Canes that were tipped early (22–27 June) produced more fruit/cane than those tipped later (7–24 July). When canes were hard-tipped early in the season, the number of fruit/cane was increased threefold compared with soft-tipping canes early. In contrast, when plots were hedged to 1-m tall lightly (“soft” hedge removing 0.10 m) on 22–27 June or more severely (“hard” hedge, removing 0.45 m) on 29 June–2 July, using shears, there was no significant effect on yield/plot. The hard-hedge treatments may have performed better if they had been done earlier or at the same time as the soft-hedge treatments; this would only have been possible if canes had been cut back (hedged) to a shorter height than 1 m. Hard hedging, done ≈1 week later than soft hedging, delayed the fruiting season by 10–14 days. Fruit harvest continued until early to mid-November. Daily average air temperature in the closed tunnel was 2–7 °F warmer than the outside and fruit were protected from autumn rainfall. Hard-tipping individual canes, by hand, or hedging primocanes mechanically early in the season shows promise in this crop for maximizing economic returns.

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Effect of Floricane Number in `Marion' Trailing Blackberry. II. Yield Components and Dry Mass Partitioning

Cited by 16 publications

References 0 publications

Weed Management Practices for Organic Production of Trailing Blackberry: I. Plant Growth and Early Fruit Production

Weed Management Practices for Organic Production of Trailing Blackberry: I. Plant Growth and Early Fruit Production

Weed Management, Training, and Irrigation Practices for Organic Production of Trailing Blackberry: I. Mature Plant Growth and Fruit Production

The Impact of Severity and Time of Tipping and Hedging on Performance of Primocane-fruiting Blackberry in a Tunnel

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