Effect of Fluoride Compounds on Enamel Erosion in vitro: A Comparison of Amine, Sodium and Stannous Fluoride

Ganß, Carolina; Schlueter, Nadine; Hardt, Martin; Schattenberg, P; Klimek, Joachim

doi:10.1159/000111743

Cited by 160 publications

(196 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Thereby, SnF 2 containing toothpastes and solutions showed a better protective capability against erosion-like lesions than NaF agents. 10,11,23,24 Ganss et al 5 found that erosive mineral loss was nearly completely inhibited by AmF/SnF 2 and SnF 2 solutions, while NaF solutions were less effective and AmF and AmF/NaF showed no significant effect (all solutions: 250 ppm F -). The results of this study suggest that not only the fluoride, but also the respective cation could influence the protective efficacy of the fluoride compound.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of sodium, amine and stannous fluoride at the same concentration and different pH on in vitro erosion

Wiegand¹,

Bichsel²,

Magalhães³

et al. 2009

Journal of Dentistry

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Effect of sodium, amine and stannous fluoride at the same concentration and different pH on in vitro erosion Abstract OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to compare the effects 0.5% and 1% sodium, amine and stannous fluoride at different pH on enamel erosion in vitro. METHODS: Bovine enamel samples were submitted to a cyclic de-and remineralisation for 3 days. Each day, the samples were exposed for 120 min to pooled human saliva and subsequently treated with one of the fluoride solutions for 3 min: amine fluoride (AmF, 0.5% and 1% F(-)), sodium fluoride (NaF, 0.5% and 1% F(-)), each at pH 3.9 and 7.0, and stannous fluoride (SnF(2), 0.5% and 1% F(-)), at pH: 3.9. Additionally, two groups were treated with fluoride-free placebo solutions (pH: 3.9 and 7.0) and one group served as control (no fluoridation).Ten specimens each group were inserted in a so-called artificial mouth and eroded six times daily with hydrochloric acid (pH 2.6) for 90 s each intermitted by exposure to artificial saliva (1h). After 3 days, enamel loss was analyzed profilometrically and evaluated statistically by ANOVA. RESULTS: Only the acidic 0.5% and 1% SnF(2) and 1% AmF solutions were able to reduce erosive enamel loss significantly, while all other solutions and placebos did not differ significantly from the control. Between the acidic SnF(2) and the 1% AmF solutions no significant differences could be detected. CONCLUSION: At the same concentrations, acidic SnF(2) and AmF may be more effective than NaF to protect enamel against erosion. Objective: This study aimed to compare the effects 0.5% and 1% sodium, amine and stannous fluoride at different pH on enamel erosion in vitro.Methods: Bovine enamel samples were submitted to a cyclic de-and remineralisation for three days. Each day, the samples were exposed for 120 min to pooled human saliva and subsequently treated with one of the fluoride solutions for 3 min: amine fluoride (AmF, 0.5% and 1% F -), sodium fluoride (NaF, 0.5% and 1% F -), each at pH 3.9 and 7.0, and stannous fluoride (SnF 2 , 0.5% and 1% F-), at pH: 3.9. Additionally, two groups were treated with fluoride-free placebo solutions (pH: 3.9 and 7.0) and one group served as control (no fluoridation). Ten specimens each group were inserted in a so-called artificial mouth and eroded six times daily with hydrochloric acid (pH 2.6) for 90 s each intermitted by exposure to artificial saliva (1h). After three days, enamel loss was analysed profilometrically and evaluated statistically by ANOVA. Results:Only the acidic 0.5% and 1% SnF 2 and 1% AmF solutions were able to reduce erosive enamel loss significantly, while all other solutions and placebos did not differ significantly from the control. Between the acidic SnF 2 and the 1% AmF solutions no significant differences could be detected.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of sodium, amine and stannous fluoride at the same concentration and different pH on in vitro erosion

Wiegand¹,

Bichsel²,

Magalhães³

et al. 2009

Journal of Dentistry

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“…[25][26][27] As expected, in the present study, the profilometric analysis showed that the lowest tissue loss was observed in the fluoride-treated group (AmF/NaF/SnCl 2 solution containing 500 ppm F -, 800 ppm Sn 2+ , pH = 4.5) compared to the control group. The tin-containing solution was effective in inhibiting enamel surface loss in other in vitro 4,5,[28][29][30] and in situ 16,31 studies. The erosive tissue loss reduction caused by the fluoride solution (AmF/NaF/SnCl 2 ) compared to no treatment was 60%, which is very similar to the values currently published in the literature.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…However, its efficacy is still the object of controversy 1,2 , because little is known about the mechanism of action of fluoride on the prevention and/or control of dental erosion; erosive challenges are much more aggressive than cariogenic challenges and only a thin surface layer, partially demineralized, remains to provide structure for remineralization of eroded surface. 1 Successful results on the reduction of dental demineralization by erosive acids have been shown with polyvalent metal ion-containing products, such as stannous, in several in vitro studies 3,4,5,6,7 and confirmed by other in situ studies. 8,9,10,11 Authors have reported the use of tin-ion in different presentation, such as solutions, toothpastes, gels and varnishes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 83%

“…14,16 In vitro and in situ studies show that pretreatment of enamel with tin-containing solutions can protect the enamel surface, inhibiting or reducing the erosive effect of acids through the formation of a superficial layer, containing Sn 2 OHPO 4 , Sn 3 F 3 PO 4 , Ca(SnF 3 ) 2 and CaF 2 -like precipitates, with a low dissolution rate. 1,3,4,12,13,24,32 It is believed that the treatment of the substrate with tin containing fluoride solutions favors the tin incorporation, and perhaps also the fluoride incorporation into the underlying enamel tissue, resulting in a broad structurally modified surface region, rich in tin and resistant to erosive acid challenge 28 . In addition, according to Hjortsjo et al 32 , the mechanism by which metal fluorides inhibitdental erosion is at least partially associated with the presence of HF (hydrofluoric acid) molecules that are capable of penetrating into the enamel and possibly form CaF 2 molecules in the inner enamel substrate.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3,13,14 These tin deposits and its possible incorporation into the enamel surface form a covering "protective" stable layer, which results in a more acid resistant enamel surface. 3,4 In a previous in vitro study, the use of AmF/NaF/SnCl 2 solution promoted significant protection against enamel loss. 14, 15 Similarly, in an in situ model, the samples treated with AmF/NaF/SnCl 2 solution had a 67% reduction in enamel loss compared to the placebo/control group.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

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AmF/NaF/SnCl2 solution reduces in situ enamel erosion – profilometry and cross-sectional nanoindentation analysis

et al. 2017

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This in situ study aimed to investigate the effect of a tin-containing fluoride solution in preventing enamel erosion. Also, its effects on the partly demineralized zone were assessed for the first time. Thirteen volunteers participated in this 2-phase study, wearing removable intra-oral appliances containing four sterilized bovine enamel slabs, for 8 days, where 2 treatment protocols were tested using samples in replicas (n = 13): CO -no treatment (negative control) and FL -AmF/NaF/SnCl 2 solution (500 ppm F-, 800 ppm Sn 2+ , pH = 4.5). Samples were daily exposed to an erosive challenge (0.65% citric acid, pH 3.6, 4 min, 2x/day). In the 2 nd phase, volunteers switched to the other treatment protocol. Samples were evaluated for surface loss using a profilometer (n = 13) and a cross-sectional nanohardness (CSNH) test (n = 13) was carried out in order to determine how deep the partly demineralized zone reaches below the erosive lesion. The data were statistically analyzed by two-way ANOVA. Erosive challenges lead to smaller enamel surface loss (p < 0.001) in the FL group when compared to group CO. Data from CSNH showed that there was no significant difference in demineralized enamel zone underneath erosion lesions between the groups. An amorphous layer could be observed on the surface of enamel treated with tin-containing solution alone. Under the experimental conditions of this in situ study, it can be concluded that AmF/NaF/SnCl 2 solution prevents enamel surface loss but does not change the hardness of the partly demineralized zone near-surface enamel.

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Enamel benefits of a new hydroxyapatite containing fluoride toothpaste

Hornby

Evans

Long

et al. 2009

International Dental Journal

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Objectives: To evaluate the enamel benefits of a new toothpaste containing hydroxyapatite (HAP) and sodium monofluorophosphate (SMFP). Methods: Salivary pellicle coated sound bovine enamel specimens were cycled six times through either HAP/water slurry or water alone treatments, followed by citric acid (15mM or 50mM, pH 3.8) challenges and saliva. The extent of enamel demineralisation was determined by changes in the enamel surface microhardness (SMH). In a second study, the sound enamel specimens were treated with either water, non‐fluoride toothpaste, the HAP/SMFP toothpaste or the HAP/SMFP toothpaste pre‐treated with a phosphatase enzyme, followed by a citric acid challenge (50mM, pH 3.8) and saliva. Changes in SMH were detemined after six cycles. The reduction in enamel demineralisation by the HAP/SMFP toothpaste was further evaluated in a pH cycling experiment where the acid challenge was 50mM acetic acid (pH 5.0) for 60mins. The remineralisation of sub‐surface enamel lesions was measured via changes in SMH following treatment with the HAP/SMFP toothpaste or control toothpastes. In a radiolabelled study, sound and subsurface enamel lesions were treated with 45Ca labelled HAP toothpaste in an in vitro pH cycling study and the uptake of labelled calcium determined. Results: The HAP water slurry significantly (p<0.05) reduced the enamel demineralisation caused by the citric acid challenges, at both concentrations, compared to the water controls. The HAP/SMFP toothpaste significantly (p<0.05) reduced the enamel demineralisation caused by both citric acid and acetic acid challenges compared to the control treatments. In the remineralisation study, the HAP/SMFP toothpaste significantly (p<0.05) increased the remineralisation of enamel compared to a non‐fluoride toothpaste. The radiolabelled HAP toothpaste study demonstrated the uptake of calcium to sound enamel and subsurface enamel lesions. Conclusions: A new HAP/SMFP containing toothpaste significantly (p<0.05) reduced the demineralisation of enamel caused by acid challenges compared to control treatments and significantly (p<0.05) increased the remineralisation of sub‐surface enamel lesions compared to a non‐fluoride toothpaste. A radiolabelled HAP study has demonstrated that calcium ions from the HAP are available to be involved in enamel remineralisation processes that are relevant to help protection from dental erosion and dental caries in vivo.

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Effect of Fluoride Compounds on Enamel Erosion in vitro: A Comparison of Amine, Sodium and Stannous Fluoride

Cited by 160 publications

References 39 publications

Effect of sodium, amine and stannous fluoride at the same concentration and different pH on in vitro erosion

Effect of sodium, amine and stannous fluoride at the same concentration and different pH on in vitro erosion

AmF/NaF/SnCl2 solution reduces in situ enamel erosion – profilometry and cross-sectional nanoindentation analysis

Enamel benefits of a new hydroxyapatite containing fluoride toothpaste

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