Effect of fluorine doping on the structural, optical and electrical properties of SnO2 thin films prepared by spray ultrasonic

Zr-doped SnO2 thin films synthesized by spray pyrolysis technique for barrier layers in solar cells

“…Several authors used many dopants such as Ag, Al, Ga, Zn, In, Mn, Sb, and Ru in SnO 2 films to improve these properties [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18]. Among these dopants, Zr can obtain a high quality of films for optoelectronic device applications [19].…”

Properties of fluorine-doped SnO2 thin films by a green sol–gel method

“…FTO thin films are usually fabricated by spray pyrolysis [32], chemical vapor deposition [33], pulsed laser deposition [34], rf sputtering [35], inkjet printing [36], and sol-gel processes [26,37]. Among these methods, the sol-gel process is cost-effective to better control film uniformity and is capable of large area deposition.…”

Study of p-type AlN-doped SnO2 thin films and its transparent devices

“…[2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10] Because transparent electronics currently receives a considerable amount of attention, developing high-quality p-type TCO materials is critical. SnO 2 features high transmittance in the visible range and can be doped to achieve a p-type conductor.…”