Effect of fractioning on antibacterial activity of n-butanol fraction from Enantia chlorantha stem bark methanol extract

Abstract

BackgroundEnantia chlorantha is a plant belonging to Annonaceae Family. The Barks and leaves are used traditionally to treat infectious diseases. Earlier studies highlighted the antibacterial activity of stem barks methanol extract. This study is thus aimed at investigating the effect of fractionation on antibacterial activity of its n-butanol fraction.MethodsThe extract of E. chlorantha stem barks was obtained by maceration in methanol and then subjected to a liquid/liquid partition by successive depletion with solvents of increasing polarity. The n-butanol fraction was fractionated by adsorption chromatography on silica gel. A product was isolated from the dichloromethane/methanol (2%) fraction and the structure was determined on the basis of spectroscopic data; Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (1H NMR), Carbon-13 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (13C NMR), Heteronuclear Multiple Bond Correlation (HMBC), H-correlation spectroscopy (H-COSY), attached proton test (APT), heteronuclear multiple quantum coherence (HSQC). The antibacterial activity was evaluated by broth microdilution method against six reference strains and eight clinical bacterial strains.ResultsThe n-butanol fraction was found to be active with MIC values ranging from 32 to 256 μg/mL. The FA sub-fraction was more efficient among the eight sub-fractions, the n-butanol fraction and comparable to Chloramphenicol used as reference antibiotic. The product obtained was elucidated as palmitin. The antibacterial activity of the latter was comparable to that of Chloramphenicol on one reference strain and 4 of the 6 clinical strains.ConclusionThe FA sub-fraction had better antibacterial activity than the n-butanol fraction and other sub-fractions, and possibly palmitin was the active substance responsible for the antibacterial activity of E. chlorantha.

Bioassay-Guided Identification of Bioactive Compounds from Senna alata L. against Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus

“…Plant-derived products play a crucial role in exploring active biomolecules to treat infectious diseases, currently causing serious health challenges globally, especially in developing nations [31]. Therefore, it is essential to intensify research on natural products to establish the secondary metabolites responsible for activity against infectious diseases [1,32]. The current study elucidates the antibacterial potentials of various extracts and bioactive components of the aqueous leaves extract of Senna alata against Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA).…”

“…The marc of the methanolic extraction was dried and percolated with 1000 milliliters (mL) deionized water for 24 hours (h) for the aqueous extraction. The extracts (petroleum ether, methanolic, and aqueous) were concentrated separately on a water bath set at 45 • C. The values for the percentage yield of the extracts were calculated using Equation (1).…”

“…Infectious diseases are among the top causes of global mortality, morbidity, and disability [1,2]. The pathogens such as Staphylococcus aureus form a serious burden on health due to related infections, including pneumonia, endocarditis, and sepsis [3,4].…”

Evaluation of culture media and conditions of Amazonian filamentous fungi in an antimicrobial screening program

“…The raw extracts produced in pilot scale were partitioned liquid-liquid, repeating the extraction process three times for each solvent. Solvents in increasing order of polarity (Hexane C6H14, Chloroform CHCl3 and Ethyl Acetate C4H8O2) were used in a 1: 1 (v / v) ratio (Etame et al, 2019). Four fractions were generated: Hexane Fraction (FH), Chloroform Fraction (FC), Ethyl Acetate Fraction (FA) and Remnant Fraction (FR).…”

“…Two extracts (HSUC-6 and IS-9) produced from the cultivation of fungi Penicillium maximae and Fusarium oxysporum on a large scale were submitted to purification processes. These extracts were initially partitioned liquid-liquid three times using solvents in increasing order of polarity: Hexane (C6H14), Chloroform (CHCl3) and Ethyl Acetate (C4H8O2) in a 1:1 ratio (v/v) according Etame et al (2019). The fractions with higher polarity obtained after partition were submitted to Column Chromatography (CC) by Merck®60 (0.063-0.200 mm).…”