Effect of frost nights and day and night temperature during dormancy induction on frost hardiness, tolerance to cold storage and bud burst in seedlings of Norway spruce

Abstract

For trees, the ability to obtain and maintain sufficient levels of frost hardiness in late autumn, winter and spring is crucial. We report that temperatures during dormancy induction influence bud set, frost hardiness, tolerance to cold storage, timing of bud burst and spring frost hardiness in seedlings of Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.). Bud set occurred later in 12°C than in 21°C, and later in cool nights (7°C) than in constant temperature. One weekly frost night (-2.5°C) improved frost hardiness. Cool nights reduced frost hardiness early, but improved hardiness later during cold acclimation. Buds and stems were slightly hardier in 21°C than in 12°C, while needles were clearly hardier in 12°C. Cold daytime temperature, cool nights and one weekly frost night improved cold storability (0.7°C). Seedlings receiving high daytime temperatures burst buds later, and were less injured by light frost some days after bud burst.

Temporal Trends and Spatial Patterns of Temperature and Its Extremes over the Beijing-Tianjin Sand Source Region (1960–2014), China

“…In general, from 1960 to 2014, the fluctuations of these indices continuously significantly decreased ( < 0.05), especially TN10p (having a slope of −2.10 days/decade; Figure 7(a), Table 2). Changes observed for TN10p are more significant than those of TX10p across the BTSSR (Figures 7(a) and 7(b), Table 2); a reduction in TN10p will result in a reduction in frost damage during the night [92,93]. The results of our study were in accordance with those over the arid region of northwestern China [79] and in Iran [94].…”

Predicting spring frost sensitivity by bud development and temperature sum in Norway spruce seedlings

“…The onset of bud burst, however, varies with provenance so that seedlings from local or northern provenances require a lower TS for bud burst than do seedlings from more southern ones (Hannerz 1994). Temperature and photoperiod of the previous autumn can affect dehardening of older plant parts and the timing of bud burst (Dormling 1982;Rostad et al 2006;Søgaard et al 2009). Thus, future work should address the effects of different growing conditions or different nursery protocols in the previous growing season.…”

First frost: Effects of single and repeated freezing events on acclimation in Picea abies and other boreal and temperate conifers

“…Studies of acclimation in a variety of woody plants show that exposure to chilling (0-10 8C) or freezing (below 0 8C) temperatures initiate further acclimation, with some suggesting that freezing temperatures are required for some species to acquire maximum LT tolerance (Sakai, 1966; some early studies of deciduous species reviewed in Weiser, 1970; studies of acclimation in conifers reviewed in Bigras et al, 2001;Beck et al, 2004;Søgaard et al, 2009).…”