Effect of functionalized graphene oxide with phosphaphenanthrene and isocyanurate on flammability, mechanical properties, and thermal stability of epoxy composites

Abstract

Maleic anhydride, 9, 10‐dihydro‐9‐oxa‐10‐phosphaphenanthrene‐10‐oxide, and 1, 3, 5‐triglycidyl isocyanurate functionalized graphene oxide (GO) was prepared in this paper. The resultant phosphorus‐nitrogen functionalized GO called GOMT was homogeneously dispersed and incorporated into diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A to prepare composites. The char residue of GOMT/EP composites increased and its LOI value increased to 28.1% with UL‐94 V‐1 rating. T g of composite containing 1 phr GOMT increases to 165.6 °C, and the storage modulus of the sample with 3 phr GOMT was increased by 19% compared with pure EP. Furthermore, the elastic modulus and flexural strength of epoxy composite with 5 phr GOMT were increased by 17.9 and 26.7% at room temperature, respectively. Besides, the incorporation of GOMT into EP significantly reduces the PHRR and THR of the matrix. Therefore, the as‐designed GOMT not just obviously enhances the flame retardancy with low loading but raises the mechanical behavior and thermal stability of epoxy resins. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2020, 137, 48761.

Thermal Stability and Flammability of Epoxy Composites Filled with Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes, Boric Acid, and Sodium Bicarbonate

“…To reinforce and modify the epoxy matrices, various nanofillers of organic and inorganic nature are used [ 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 ]. Among the various nanofillers, multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) have attracted great interest recently as structural reinforcements because of their outstanding properties.…”

Flame retarded polyurethane vitrimers containing isocyanurate rings: Synthesis and properties

“…All the VPICUs are insoluble and exhibit high values of gel fraction (>95%, see Table S1), which preliminarily demonstrates the formation of crosslinked network. As shown in Figure 1a the solid state 13 C NMR spectra, for all VPICUs, the carbon signals at 155.15-158.84 ppm are designated to urethane group (NHCOO), and the signals of urea group (NHCONH, 147.40-152.15 ppm) in the isocyanurate ring can be observed and designated in all samples as well. The FT-IR spectra of THEIC and VPI-CUs are shown in Figure 1b.…”

“…The VPICU obtained by polycondensation was collected and transferred to a vacuum oven for further reaction at 170 C for another 8 h. H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) was carried out at 25 C on a BRUKER AV 500 (500 MHz) spectrometer (Germany) and the chemical shifts are reported in ppm with tetramethylsilane as the internal standard. Solid state 13 C NMR was recorded by a Jeol ECZ-400R/M1 (400 MHz) spectrometer (Japan) using an HXY 3.2 mm probe. Samples were spun at 5000 MHz, and the spectra were recorded at 25 C.…”

“…In another aspect, the addition of flame retarded additives could generally deteriorate the mechanical and thermal insulation properties because of their poor compatibility with polymer matrices. 8 An alternative strategy is to explore intrinsic flame retarded polymers which are based on the monomers containing P, 5,9,10 N, [11][12][13] Si 14 or other flame retarded elements. 3,15 N-containing flame retarded components seem more promising, from the viewpoint of sustainability, since N-containing compounds can be sourced widely from biomass.…”

Thermal Behavior and Flammability of Epoxy Composites Based on Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes and Expanded Graphite: A Comparative Study

“…Owing to their unique physical properties, carbon nanomaterials, such as carbon nanotubes [16] and nanofibers [17], graphene [18][19][20], graphene nanoplatelets [21], reduced graphene oxide [22], graphene oxide [23,24], and expanded graphite [25], have attracted great attention in recent years, particularly for the improvement of flame retardancy of epoxy composites [26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34].…”