Effect of genipin on the biliary excretion of cholephilic compounds in rats

Mikami, Masaki; Takikawa, Hajime

doi:10.1111/j.1872-034x.2007.00309.x

Cited by 11 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“… 11,12 reported that genipin stimulated the insertion of the multidrug resistance protein 2 (Mrp2) into the bile canalicular membrane, thereby causing choleresis by increasing the biliary excretion of glutathione, which has been considered to be a substrate of Mrp2. We also confirmed that genipin caused choleresis by increasing biliary glutathione excretion 13 . Recent studies have shown that genipin exhibits protective effects in mouse neuroblastoma cells, 14,15 and inhibits exocytosis in human endotherial cells 16 …”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 79%

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Effect of genipin on cholestasis induced by estradiol‐17β‐glucuronide and lithocholate‐3‐O‐glucuornide in rats

Goto

Takikawa

2010

Hepatology Research

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 79%

“…Thirty minutes after bile duct cannulation, a tracer dose of [ 3 H]VLB (5.9 × 10 5 dpm) was injected via the femoral vein, and genipin was infused at the rate of 0.5 µmol/min/100 g for 90 min 13 . Bile samples were collected every 10 min, and the radioactivity was counted.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of genipin on cholestasis induced by estradiol‐17β‐glucuronide and lithocholate‐3‐O‐glucuornide in rats

Goto

Takikawa

2010

Hepatology Research

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“…28 However, since the dose of pravastatin used in the present study was that to cause its biliary excretory maximum in order to examine whether pravastatin inhibits biliary bile acid excretion. 12,21 Therefore, it is quite unlikely that pravastatin significantly inhibits biliary bile acid excretion by its therapeutic doses.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thirty min after bile duct cannulation, [ 14 C] pravastatin was infused into SD rats at the rate of 0.3 µmol/min/100 g for 90 min, which causes the excretory maximum of pravastatin in rats 12,21 . TC or TUDC was simultaneously infused at the rate of 1 µmol/min/100 g, and the radioactivity of the bile samples every 10 min was counted by a liquid scintillation counter.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of bile acids on the biliary excretion of pravastatin in rats

Morisawa

Takikawa

2009

Hepatology Research

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“…[3][4][5][6][7][8][9] In addition, genipin, which is the aglycone portion of geniposide and is formed as a metabolite, is also reported to have an anti-inflammatory effect, a bile secretion-enhancing effect, and an anti-thrombotic effect. [10][11][12] Geniposide is promising as a seed compound for developing therapeutic medicines for metabolic diseases. However, no publication has reported the effect of geniposide on various metabolic disease symptoms based on visceral fat accumulation.…”

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confidence: 99%

Preventive Effect of Geniposide on Metabolic Disease Status in Spontaneously Obese Type 2 Diabetic Mice and Free Fatty Acid-Treated HepG2 Cells

Kojima

Shimada

Nagareda

et al. 2011

Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin

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Obesity, diabetes, hyperlipidemia and hypertension, which are caused by hypernutrition and lack of exercise, are often found in the same person. These symptoms used to be called "the deadly quartet," "Syndrome X" or "insulin resistance syndrome," but these names have recently been collectively replaced with "metabolic syndrome (MS)," since the presence of visceral fat accumulation-type obesity has been recognized as the major disease base. It should be noted that progression of MS increases the risk of future onset of ischemic cardiac diseases and cerebrovascular diseases, and the importance of "prevention" and "early therapy" of MS is emphasized.Gardeniae fructus, the fruit of Gardenia jasminoides ELLIS, is widely used in Asian countries as a natural colorant, and it is also used as a Japanese and Chinese traditional medicine since it has a homeostatic effect, an antiphlogistic effect, an analgesic effect, an antipyretic effect, a hepatoprotective effect and a hypolipidaemic effect.1,2) Geniposide, an iridoid glycoside contained in Gardeniae fructus, is reported to have a hepatoprotective effect, an antioxidant effect, a hypoglycemic effect, a vascular endothelial cell adhesion-suppressing effect, an anti-lipopolysaccharide (LPS) effect, a neuroprotective effect, and an anti-inflammatory effect. [3][4][5][6][7][8][9] In addition, genipin, which is the aglycone portion of geniposide and is formed as a metabolite, is also reported to have an anti-inflammatory effect, a bile secretion-enhancing effect, and an anti-thrombotic effect. [10][11][12] Geniposide is promising as a seed compound for developing therapeutic medicines for metabolic diseases. However, no publication has reported the effect of geniposide on various metabolic disease symptoms based on visceral fat accumulation. TSOD mice are model animals showing spontaneously multifactorial genetic Type 2 diabetes based on visceral fat accumulation. [13][14][15][16][17][18] Since the cause of onset and the symptoms are very similar to those of human MS, this model is regarded as promising for the study of MS. In the present study, we investigated the effect of geniposide on various metabolic disease symptoms based on visceral fat accumulation using TSOD mice. In addition, a fatty liver model was prepared by adding a free fatty acid to human liver cancer cells (HepG2 cells), 19) and the direct effect of genipin on the liver was investigated. MATERIALS AND METHODSReagents Geniposide and genipin (Fig. 1) were supplied by Tsumura and Co. (Ibaraki, Japan). Palmitic acid powder was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (MO, U.S.A.). The other reagents used were of the highest grade available.Animal Experiments Experimental Animals: Male TSOD mice and corresponding control animals (TSNO mice) were purchased from the Institute for Animal Reproduction (Ibaraki) at the age of 3 weeks. They were acclimated under controlled circumstances (temperature: 23Ϯ1°C, humidity: 55Ϯ5%, lighting hours: 12 h) for one week. During the acclimation period, the animals were given ordinary powder ...

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Effect of genipin on the biliary excretion of cholephilic compounds in rats

Cited by 11 publications

References 38 publications

Effect of genipin on cholestasis induced by estradiol‐17β‐glucuronide and lithocholate‐3‐O‐glucuornide in rats

Effect of genipin on cholestasis induced by estradiol‐17β‐glucuronide and lithocholate‐3‐O‐glucuornide in rats

Effect of bile acids on the biliary excretion of pravastatin in rats

Preventive Effect of Geniposide on Metabolic Disease Status in Spontaneously Obese Type 2 Diabetic Mice and Free Fatty Acid-Treated HepG2 Cells

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