Effect of genotype on fatty acid composition of intramuscular and subcutaneous fat of Celta pig breed

Abstract

SUMMARY:A total of 45 Celta breed pigs were used to investigate the effect of genotype (Barcina, Carballiña and Santiaguesa lines) on the fatty acid composition of intramuscular (IMF) and subcutaneous fat (SF). The total IMF content was influenced by genotype (P<0.05), since the Barcina line had the highest levels (5.21% vs 1.99 and 3.59% for Santiaguesa and Carballiña lines, respectively). The total and neutral lipids from the IMF of the Santiaguesa line displayed higher contents of PUFA than the other two lines. The nutritional indices were also affected by genotype, since the Santiaguesa line presented the lowest atherogenic (AI) and thrombogenic (TI) indices and the highest hypocholesterolemic/hypercholesterolemic ratio (h/H) (P<0.05). The IMF total and neutral lipids presented higher (P<0.05) values of MUFA than SF, while the PUFA content was greatest in SF (P<0.05). Regarding the polar fraction, samples from IMF presented the highest values of PUFA (between 37-44%). Finally, SF showed higher percentages of MUFA and SFA than IMF (P<0.05). The differences in IMF content and back fat thickness imply that the deposition of IMF and SF may be regulated by different mechanism among the three lines. KEYWORDS: Celta pig breed; Fatty acid profile; Genotype; Location in the carcass RESUMEN:Efecto del genotipo sobre la composición de ácidos grasos de la grasa intramuscular y subcutánea de cerdos de raza Celta. Un total de 45 cerdos de raza Celta fueron usados para estudiar el efecto del genotipo (líneas Barcina, Carballiña y Santiaguesa) sobre la composición de ácidos grasos de la grasa intramuscular y subcutánea. El contenido en grasa intramuscular estuvo influenciado por el genotipo (P<0.05); la Barcina presentó los mayores valores (5.21% vs 1.99 y 3.59 para las líneas Santiaguesa y Carballiña respectivamente). Los lípidos totales y neutros de la grasa intramuscular de la línea Santiaguesa mostraron mayores contenidos de PUFA que las otras dos líneas. Los índices nutricionales también se vieron influenciados por el genotipo; la línea Santiguesa presentó los menores valores de los índices aterogénico y trombogénico y los mayores de la relación entre ácidos grasos hipo e hipercolesterolémicos. En los lípidos totales y neutros de la grasa intramuscular se obtuvieron mayores valores de MUFA y menores de PUFA (P<0.05) que en la grasa subcutánea. En los lípidos polares, las muestras de grasa intramuscular presentaron los mayores valores de PUFA (entre 37-44%). Finalmente, la grasa subcutánea mostró valores superiores de MUFA y SFA que la intramuscular (P<0.05). Las diferencias en el contenido de grasa intramuscular y de espesor de grasa subcutánea implica que su deposición puede estar regulada por diferentes mecanismos.

Comparative Proteomics Analysis of Pig Muscle Exudate through Label-Free Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry

“…In our case, the exudate obtained from the muscle exudate proved to be useful in highlighting the increase in FASN expression in samples obtained from Nero d'Abruzzo pigs, a finding which could be justified by the well-known tendency of rustic pig breeds, in contrast to selected pig breeds, to accumulate intramuscular lipids [37,38]. As reported by Domínguez and Lorenzo [39], these differences are due to a genetic component that regulates the fatty acids metabolism and the amount of fat deposition in the animal tissues. In particular, according to [39], the effect of genotype on pig fatness is mainly related to differences in the triglycerides proportion.…”

“…As reported by Domínguez and Lorenzo [39], these differences are due to a genetic component that regulates the fatty acids metabolism and the amount of fat deposition in the animal tissues. In particular, according to [39], the effect of genotype on pig fatness is mainly related to differences in the triglycerides proportion.…”

Differences in Muscle Lipogenic Gene Expression, Carcass Traits and Fat Deposition among Three Iberian Pig Strains Finished in Two Different Feeding Systems

“…When comparing the Iberian pig with other commercial breeds [ 46 , 47 ], the Iberian breed reported significantly lower PUFA deposition. Moreover, the smaller observed proportion of SFA in the Iberian compared with other breeds (Celta) leads to a lower n6/n3 ratio and lower AI and TI indexes, resulting in a healthier fat, and, thus, lowering the risk of coronary heart disease [ 48 ].…”

Bioactive Compounds of Porcine Hearts and Aortas May Improve Cardiovascular Disorders in Humans

“…The IA of the MP averaged 0.46 ± 0.04 and was not significantly lower than that of pork, which varies between 0.27 and 0.73 with a median of approximately 0.48 and depends on the breed, sex and feed [ 29 , 42 , 43 , 44 ]. The HH of the MP was 2.09 ± 0.23, which corresponded to the usual upper limit for pork, which ranges from 1.72 to 2.26 [ 45 , 46 ]. In summary, the developed MP was not characterised as having outstanding anti-atherogenic values of nutritional indices and was approximately similar to pork, with the exception of the cholesterol content, which averaged 271 µg/kg in the MP, significantly lower than that in pork [ 44 ].…”