Effect of glucose on the utilization of succinate and the activity of tricarboxylic acid-cycle enzymes in Escherichia coli

Halpern, Yeheskel S.; Even-Shoshan, Avivith; Artman, Michael

doi:10.1016/0304-4165(64)90370-8

Cited by 12 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Catabolite repression of the TCA cycle enzymes leading to the production of acetic acid under highly aerobic conditions and depression by cAMP also occurs in E. coli (1,7,9,10,18). E. coli differs from the suicidal aeromonads, however, in that oxidative phosphorylation and the synthesis of cytochromes also are repressed (2,5), and the acetic acid is produced late rather than early in the growth cycle.…”

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Glucose-mediated catabolite repression of the tricarboxylic acid cycle as an explanation for increased acetic acid production in suicidal Aeromonas strains

Namdari

Cabelli

1990

J Bacteriol

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Growth in the presence of glucose, even under highly aerobic conditions, significantly reduced the activities of three tricarboxylic acid cycle enzymes, citrate synthetase, a-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase, and malate dehydrogenase, in suicidal but not nonsuicidal Aeromonas strains. Pyruvate dehydrogenase activity, however, was significantly increased. The activities of all of the enzymes, as well as the glucose-mediated increase in acetic acid production, were shown to be regulated by catabolite repression. The regulator protein is the same one which regulates the utilization of several sugars.In an earlier paper (11), we described a phenomenon in which certain strains of Aeromonas spp., including all Aeromonas caviae and some A. sobria isolates, were not recoverable after 24 h when grown in nutrient broth supplemented with glucose. It was shown that death of the cells was due to the accumulation of acetic acid, which is produced in large quantities by these strains even when the cultures are incubated under highly aerobic conditions. The phenomenon was termed "suicide," and the requirements for its manifestation were consistent with the absence of these Aeromonas biotypes in acidic lakes in New England and their recovery from alkaline waters in Israel and from sewage at both locations. In this paper, we examine the possibility that the increased production of acetic acid by suicidal aeromonads was achieved by a shutdown of the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle and the diversion of acetyl-coenzyme A produced from pyruvate to the production of acetic acid. We also identify the regulatory mechanism.Production of acetic acid. Accumulation of acetic acid in nutrient broth-glucose (NBG) (11) shake cultures of the nonsuicidal strains was greatest during the lag period, increased only slightly when the growth and glucose utilization rates were maximal, and then decreased, presumably because acetate was used as an energy source once the glucose was metabolized (Fig. 1A). In the suicidal cultures (Fig. 1B), however, acetic acid continued to be produced until both growth and glucose utilization were prematurely inhibited by the accumulation of acetic acid in its un-ionized form (11). About 43% of the glucose catabolized by the suicidal strains and only 8 to 12% of that used by the nonsuicidal isolates could be accounted for by the acetic acid in the cultures. When the pH of the suicidal cultures was maintained between 6.5 and 7.0, however, the optical density reached a maximum of 1.8, all of the glucose was metabolized, and considerably more acetate was produced, with most of it appearing early in the exponential growth phase (Fig. 2A) decrease in pH after 3 h, and about 45% of the glucose metabolized could be accounted for by the acetic acid produced. With E. coli, however, most of the acetic acid was produced as the cell population was passing into the stationary phase, and there was little, if any, acetic acid-mediated death of the cells.Inhibition of TCA cycle enzymes and stimulation of pyruvic dehydrogenase activity. The ...

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Glucose-mediated catabolite repression of the tricarboxylic acid cycle as an explanation for increased acetic acid production in suicidal Aeromonas strains

Namdari

Cabelli

1990

J Bacteriol

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“…Transport of succinate was markedly decreased in both strains when they were grown in nutrienlt broth plus glucose. In Escherichia coli it has been shown that glucose in the growth medium severely represses tricarboxylic acid cycle enzymes (8).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors Affecting Virulence of Shigella flexneri : Avirulent Strain with Altered Metabolism of Succinate, Fumarate, and Malate

Kim

Corwin

1973

Infect Immun

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It has been found that a mutation of ShigeUa flexneri 2a to avirulence can result in altered metabolism of tricarboxylic acid cycle acids, but the effect is strongly dependent on growth conditions. Mutant cells harvested from stationary-phase cultures grown with vigorous shaking in nutrient broth oxidize succinate, fumarate, and malate much more slowly than do wild-type cells. Cell-free extracts from such cells show similar differences in oxidative ability. These differences were less pronounced when cells were harvested from the exponential phase of growth and were nonexistent when the cells were grown without shaking. When tricarboxylic acid cycle acids were used as carbon sources with shaking, mutant cells from exponential phase cultures oxidized tricarboxylic cycle acids almost to the same extent as the wild type. Stationary-phase cells grown on succinate lost succinoxidase activity, but wild-type cells retained more than twice the activity of mutant cells. The effect of growth conditions on oxidative differences between the two strains was similar to the differences in succinate uptake observed under similar conditions. Strain 24570 is a spontaneous avirulent mutant of virulent Shigella jlexneri 2a strain M42-43. This mutant differs from its virulent parent in its physical and biochemical characteristics. It was isolated first as a colonial variant when grown on meat extract-agar (6). In comparison with its virulent parent, it is unable to utilize glycerol as a carbon source (manuscript in preparation), is resistant to the anionic detergent sodium lauryl sulfate (4), and possesses a higher electronegative charge (5). Past evidence showed that the tricarboxylic acid cycle functioned as the terminal respiratory

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“…Uptake of radioactive compounds. Uptake of "4C-labeled compounds was followed as described previously (5,6) except that the reaction mixture was incubated at 25 C for 4 min.…”

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Utilization of γ-Aminobutyric Acid as the Sole Carbon and Nitrogen Source by Escherichia coli K-12 Mutants

Dover

Halpern

1972

J Bacteriol

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Effect of glucose on the utilization of succinate and the activity of tricarboxylic acid-cycle enzymes in Escherichia coli

Cited by 12 publications

References 10 publications

Glucose-mediated catabolite repression of the tricarboxylic acid cycle as an explanation for increased acetic acid production in suicidal Aeromonas strains

Glucose-mediated catabolite repression of the tricarboxylic acid cycle as an explanation for increased acetic acid production in suicidal Aeromonas strains

Factors Affecting Virulence of Shigella flexneri : Avirulent Strain with Altered Metabolism of Succinate, Fumarate, and Malate

Utilization of γ-Aminobutyric Acid as the Sole Carbon and Nitrogen Source by Escherichia coli K-12 Mutants

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