Effect of Grain Size on the Microstructure and Strain Hardening Behavior of Solution Heat-Treated Low-C High-Mn Steel

Opiela, M.; Fojt-Dymara, Gabriela; Grajcar, A.; Borek, Wojciech

doi:10.3390/ma13071489

Cited by 24 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…It has been reported that the grain size in the microstructure has a huge impact on the mechanical properties. Fine grains in the microstructure result in higher hardness values and tensile strengths as compared to coarse grains [ 25 ]. In addition, thermal variation in the sample also controls the grain size to a large extent.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Filler Material on the Microstructural and Mechanical Properties of 430 Ferritic Stainless Steel Weld Joints

Shanmugasundar¹,

Bansod

Schindlerová

et al. 2023

Materials

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Tungsten Inert Gas (TIG) welding is a commonly used welding technique for ferritic stainless steel, due to its ability to produce high-quality, clean, and precise welds. This welding method provides excellent control over the heat input, making it suitable for thin-walled, high-alloy materials such as ferritic stainless steel. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of using two different filler materials, 310 (austenitic) and 410 (ferritic), on the microstructural and mechanical properties of Tungsten Inert Gas (TIG) weld butt joints of 430 ferritic stainless steel (FSS). The results showed that the choice of filler material significantly impacted the dilution percentage, the chromium-nickel equivalent ratio, microstructure, microhardness, and tensile characteristics of the welded joint. The use of 310 filler resulted in a columnar microstructure, whereas the use of 410 filler resulted in a ferritic (acicular ferrite) microstructure with the presence of martensite and austenite. The sample welded with 410 filler demonstrated superior mechanical properties compared to the sample welded with 310 filler. These findings emphasize the importance of selecting the appropriate filler material in order to achieve the desired microstructural and mechanical properties in 430 FSS welded joints.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Filler Material on the Microstructural and Mechanical Properties of 430 Ferritic Stainless Steel Weld Joints

Shanmugasundar¹,

Bansod

Schindlerová

et al. 2023

Materials

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“…As discussed in Section 1, rapid metallographic approaches based on edge detection and image binarization have been used to study a wide variety of problems [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][12][13][14][15]. The creation of image-processing algorithms with various levels of sophistication and computational efficiency has been extensively addressed with the introduction of several novel FD methods [38][39][40][41][42][43].…”

Section: Integrated Image Processing Toolsetmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Tracking changes in the microstructure, including the grain boundary (GB) deformation, dislocation, and structural evolution, is essential because these problems contribute to the overall behavior of the metal [9][10][11][12][13]. In addition, it has been found experimentally that a significant reduction in the grain size is associated with a lower material durability and damage resistance [14,15]. Therefore, an accurate and automatic method for tracking the collective microstructural changes that occur as a result of various external force impacts can substantially facilitate microstructural analysis and modeling, thus shortening the time to the development of new materials and leading to the better operation and maintenance of such materials during their service life [16][17][18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrated Image Processing Toolset for Tracking Direction of Metal Grain Deformation

Dharmawan

Lee

2022

Applied Sciences

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Grain boundaries (GBs), which are among the mechanical properties of a material, are a microstructural aspect that contributes to the overall behavior of metal. A deep understanding of the behavior of the GBs’ deformation, dislocation, and fracture will encourage the rapid development of new materials and lead to the better operation and maintenance of materials during their designed lifetimes. In this study, an integrated image processing toolset is proposed to provide an expeditious approach to extracting GBs, tracking their location, and identifying their internal deformation. This toolset consists of three integrated algorithms: image stitching, grain matching, and boundary extraction. The algorithms are designed to simultaneously integrate high and low spatial resolution images for gathering high-precision boundary coordinates and effectively reconstructing a view of the entire material surface for the tracing of the grain location. This significantly reduces the time needed to acquire the dataset owing to the ability of the low spatial resolution lens to capture wider areas as the base image. The high spatial resolution lens compensates for any weakness of the base image by capturing views of specific sections, thereby increasing the observation flexibility. One application successfully described in this paper is tracking the direction of the metal grain deformation in global coordinates by stacking a specific grain before and after the deformation. This allows observers to calculate the direction of the grain deformation by comparing the overlapping areas after the material experiences a load. Ultimately, this toolset is expected to lead to further applications in terms of observing fascinating phenomena in materials science and engineering.

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“…For a long time, high manganese austenitic steels, such as high manganese twinninginduced plasticity (TWIP), transformation-induced plasticity (TRIP) and low-density steels, have attracted much interest due to their potential applications in the automotive industry [1][2][3][4][5]. A large number of studies focus on deformation mechanisms, strain hardening, yield strength, texture, fracture and fatigue, etc.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temperature Dependence of Deformation Behaviors in High Manganese Austenitic Steel for Cryogenic Applications

Chen

Ren

et al. 2021

Materials

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The deformation structure and its contribution to strain hardening of a high manganese austenitic steel were investigated after tensile deformation at 298 K, 77 K and 4 K by means of electron backscatter diffraction and transmission electron microscopy, exhibiting a strong dependence of strain hardening and deformation structure on deformation temperature. It was demonstrated that sufficient twinning indeed provides a high and stable strain hardening capacity, leading to a simultaneous increase in strength and ductility at 77 K compared with the tensile deformation at 298 K. Moreover, although the SFE of the steel is ~34.4 mJ/m2 at 4 K, sufficient twinning was not observed, indicating that the mechanical twinning is hard to activate at 4 K. However, numerous planar dislocation arrays and microbands can be observed, and these substructures may be a reason for multi-peak strain hardening behaviors at 4 K. They can also provide certain strain hardening capacity, and a relatively high total elongation of ~48% can be obtained at 4 K. In addition, it was found that the yield strength (YS) and ultimate tensile strength (UTS) linearly increases with the lowering of the deformation temperature from 298 K to 4 K, and the increment in YS and UTS was estimated to be 2.13 and 2.43 MPa per 1 K reduction, respectively.

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Effect of Grain Size on the Microstructure and Strain Hardening Behavior of Solution Heat-Treated Low-C High-Mn Steel

Cited by 24 publications

References 34 publications

Influence of Filler Material on the Microstructural and Mechanical Properties of 430 Ferritic Stainless Steel Weld Joints

Influence of Filler Material on the Microstructural and Mechanical Properties of 430 Ferritic Stainless Steel Weld Joints

Integrated Image Processing Toolset for Tracking Direction of Metal Grain Deformation

Temperature Dependence of Deformation Behaviors in High Manganese Austenitic Steel for Cryogenic Applications

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