Effect of grape seed extract on postprandial oxidative status and metabolic responses in men and women with the metabolic syndrome - randomized, cross-over, placebo-controlled study

Edirisinghe, Indika; Randolph, Jody; Cheema, Mandeep; Tadapaneni, Ravi Kiran; Park, Eun‐Young; Burton‐Freeman, Britt; Kappagoda, Tissa

doi:10.31989/ffhd.v2i12.68

Cited by 15 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…In addition to traditional lipid profiles, some studies have investigated the effect of GSE supplementation on postprandial lipid profiles. In line with our findings, a crossover trial on postprandial lipids demonstrated that GSE supplementation resulted in enhanced postprandial plasma antioxidant capacity and thereby decreased levels of oxidised LDL (31) . Similarly, Natella et al reported that GSE supplementation remarkably reduced lipid peroxidation (32) .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Effects of grape seed extract on dyslipidaemia: a systematic review and dose–response meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials

et al. 2020

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Data on the effect of grape seed extract (GSE) on lipid profiles are inconclusive. We undertook a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled clinical trials on the effect of GSE on serum lipid profiles. The online databases of PubMed, ISI Web of Science, Scopus, ProQuest, Science Direct and Embase were searched for relevant publications until March 2019, using MeSH and non-MeSH keywords. Study selection, data extraction and quality assessment were completed independently by two investigators. Meta-regression and subgroup analyses were performed to identify the source of heterogeneity. Assessment of study quality was conducted using the Jadad scale. Eleven randomised clinical trials involving 536 participants were included in the present meta-analysis. Combining effect sizes from earlier studies, we found that GSE supplementation significantly decreased serum levels of LDL-cholesterol (−0·17 mmol/l; 95 % CI −0·34, −0·01) and TAG (−0·11 mmol/l; 95 % CI −0·18, −0·05). Although no overall significant effect of GSE supplementation on circulating total- and HDL-cholesterol levels was observed, there were significant reductions in these lipids in studies with <10 weeks of intervention and those that had administered the dosages of <300 mg/d of GSE. In conclusion, GSE supplementation seems to favourably affect serum levels of LDL and TAG concentrations, but it did not affect total- and HDL-cholesterol concentrations.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Effects of grape seed extract on dyslipidaemia: a systematic review and dose–response meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials

et al. 2020

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“…Supportive epidemiology shows modest protective association between insulin sensitivity and risk of incident hypertension (47) and higher risk of hypertension with higher fasting insulin concentrations in young women (48) . GSE has been shown to improve postprandial glucose responses in people with the metabolic syndrome (49) as well as prevent insulin resistance in fructose-fed rats by improving cellular insulin signalling (50) . In a 15-d intervention with flavanol-rich chocolate, Grassi et al (51) reported significantly decreased HOMA-IR, increased insulin sensitivity, increased FMD and decreased BP in men and women with essential hypertension and impaired glucose tolerance.…”

Section: Possible Mechanisms Of Actionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of grape seed extract beverage on blood pressure and metabolic indices in individuals with pre-hypertension: a randomised, double-blinded, two-arm, parallel, placebo-controlled trial

et al. 2015

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The aim of the present study was to test grape seed extract (GSE) as a functional ingredient to lower blood pressure (BP) in individuals with pre-hypertension. A single-centre, randomised, two-arm, double-blinded, placebo-controlled, 12-week, parallel study was conducted in middle-aged adults with pre-hypertension. A total of thirty-six subjects were randomised (1:1) to Placebo (n 18) or GSE (n 18) groups; twentynine of them completed all the protocol-specified procedures (Placebo, n 17; GSE, n 12). Subjects consumed a juice (167 kJ (40 kcal)) containing 0 mg (Placebo) or 300 mg/d GSE (150 mg) twice daily for 6 weeks preceded by a 2-week Placebo run-in and followed by 4-week no-beverage follow-up. Compliance was monitored. BP was measured at screening, 0, 6 and 10 weeks of intervention and blood samples were collected at 0, 3, 6 and 10 weeks of intervention. GSE significantly reduced systolic BP (SBP) by 5·6 % (P = 0·012) and diastolic BP (DBP) by 4·7 % (P = 0·049) after 6 weeks of intervention period, which was significantly different (SBP; P = 0·03) or tended to be different (DBP; P = 0·08) from Placebo. BP returned to baseline after the 4-week discontinuation period of GSE beverage. Subjects with higher initial BP experienced greater BP reduction; nearly double the effect size. Fasting insulin and insulin sensitivity tended to improve after 6 weeks of GSE beverage supplementation (P = 0·09 and 0·07, respectively); no significant changes were observed with fasting plasma lipids, glucose, oxidised LDL, flow-mediated dilation or vascular adhesion molecules. Total plasma phenolic acid concentrations were 1·6 times higher after 6 weeks of GSE v. Placebo. GSE was found to be safe and to improve BP in people with pre-hypertension, supporting the use of GSE as a functional ingredient in a low-energy beverage for BP control.Key words: Grape seed extract: Blood pressure: Pre-hypertension: Endothelial function: Insulin sensitivity: Polyphenols Hypertension is a major risk factor for fatal and non-fatal CVD events (1)(2)(3) . Hypertension may affect >90 % of individuals during their lifetimes (4) . Current estimates indicate that hypertension costs the USA almost $70 billion annually in direct medical expenses (5) . Randomised clinical trials and meta-analyses indicate that blood pressure (BP) reductions lower the risk of myocardial infarction, stroke and other cardiovascular deaths (6,7) . Therefore, adequate control of BP in the healthy range is of enormous individual and public health importance.Pre-hypertension is a condition defined by a systolic BP (SBP) between 120 and 139 mmHg or a measured diastolic BP (DBP) between 80 and 89 mmHg (8) . The Framingham Heart Study showed that the 4-year incidence of hypertension increased between 17·6 and 37·3 % in individuals with pre-hypertension between 35 and 64 years of age (9) . Current medical practice does not treat pre-hypertension per se; however, the importance of lifestyle modifications are emphasised in the Joint National Committee (JNC)-7 and JNC-8, which re...

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“…The distribution of the features of MetS among participants in the clinical trials was as follows: eleven clinical trials (twelve reports) included participants who met the MetS criterion for abdominal obesity (body mass index (BMI) ≥ 30.0 kilograms [kg]/m 2 , waist circumference > 40 in/102 centimeters (cm) for males and >35 in/88 cm for females) [52][53][54][55][56][57][58][59][60][61][62][63]; twelve clinical trials (thirteen reports) included participants who either met the MetS criterion for fasting dysglycemia or had IGT (blood glucose ≥ 140 mg/dL 2 h after oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT)) [52,[55][56][57][58][59][60][61][62][64][65][66][67]; five clinical trials (six reports) included participants who met the MetS criterion for fasting dyslipidemia [58][59][60]63,64]; and five clinical trials (six reports) included participants who met the MetS criterion for elevated blood pressure [53,55,57,58,60,61].…”

Section: Demographicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nine clinical trials evaluated the effects of supplementing a dietary challenge with dietary polyphenols from oils, fruits, teas, and legumes on postprandial metabolism in adults with features of MetS ( Table 1). The dietary polyphenols were obtained from extra virgin olive oil [52], grapes [53,58], resveratrol and curcumin powder [54], strawberries [56,68,69], blackcurrant [59], black tea [64], and black beans (one clinical trial with two reports) [55,57]. In seven of the clinical trials, the dietary polyphenols were consumed with a dietary challenge [52][53][54][55][56][57][58]68,69].…”

Section: Effects Of Dietary Oils Fruits Teas and Legumes On Postprmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bardagjy et al tested 60 grams (g) whole grape powder in obese adults, many of whom had MetS, and did not find significant differences in 5-h glucose, insulin, or triglyceride (TG) incremental area under the curve (iAUC) compared to the control phase (p > 0.05) [53]. In another clinical trial, Edirisinghe et al reported that 300 mg grape seed extract reduced 6-h glucose area under the curve (AUC) by 3.5% (p < 0.05) but did not affect 6-h insulin, TG, or total cholesterol (TC) AUC (p > 0.05) compared to the control phase [58]. Vors et al administered two capsules (total of 200 mg resveratrol (found in grapes) and 100 mg curcumin (found in turmeric)) to adults and did not find significant differences in 6-h glucose, insulin, or TG iAUC compared to the control phase (p > 0.05) [54].…”

Section: Effects Of Dietary Oils Fruits Teas and Legumes On Postprmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of Acute Dietary Polyphenols and Post-Meal Physical Activity on Postprandial Metabolism in Adults with Features of the Metabolic Syndrome

et al. 2020

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Approximately 22% of U.S. adults and 25% of adults globally have metabolic syndrome (MetS). Key features, such as dysglycemia and dyslipidemia, predict type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, premature disability, and death. Acute supplementation of dietary polyphenols and post-meal physical activity hold promise in improving postprandial dysmetabolism. To our knowledge, no published review has described the effects of either intervention on postprandial glucose, insulin, lipids, and markers of oxidative damage and inflammation in adults with features of MetS. Thus, we conducted this review of controlled clinical trials that provided dietary polyphenols from oils, fruits, teas, and legumes during a dietary challenge, or implemented walking, cycling, and stair climbing and descending after a dietary challenge. Clinical trials were identified using ClinicalTrials.gov, PubMed, and Google Scholar and were published between 2000 and 2019. Dietary polyphenols from extra virgin olive oil, grapes, blackcurrants, strawberries, black tea, and black beans improved postprandial glucose, insulin, and markers of oxidative damage and inflammation, but results were not consistent among clinical trials. Freeze-dried strawberry powder distinctly improved postprandial insulin and markers of oxidative damage and inflammation. Post-meal physical activity attenuated postprandial glucose, but effects on postprandial lipids and markers of oxidative damage and inflammation were inconclusive. Consuming dietary polyphenols with a meal and completing physical activity after a meal may mitigate postprandial dysmetabolism in adults with features of MetS.

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Effect of grape seed extract on postprandial oxidative status and metabolic responses in men and women with the metabolic syndrome - randomized, cross-over, placebo-controlled study

Cited by 15 publications

References 33 publications

Effects of grape seed extract on dyslipidaemia: a systematic review and dose–response meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials

Effects of grape seed extract on dyslipidaemia: a systematic review and dose–response meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials

Effects of grape seed extract beverage on blood pressure and metabolic indices in individuals with pre-hypertension: a randomised, double-blinded, two-arm, parallel, placebo-controlled trial

Effects of Acute Dietary Polyphenols and Post-Meal Physical Activity on Postprandial Metabolism in Adults with Features of the Metabolic Syndrome

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