Effect of guanidine acetic acid on meat quality, muscle amino acids, and fatty acids in Tibetan pigs

Abstract

This study investigated the effects of guanidine acetic acid (GAA) supplementation on growth performance, carcass traits, and meat quality in Tibetan pigs. A total of 18 male Tibetan pigs (21.35 ± 0.99 kg) were randomly assigned to the control (basal diet) and GAA (basal diet + 800 mg/kg GAA) groups for 125 days. Growth performance, carcass traits, and meat quality in pigs, and the chemical composition of Longissimus thoracis (LT) were not altered by GAA. In LT, compared to the control group, dietary GAA increased the superoxide dismutase activity, transcripts of stearoyl CoA desaturase (SCD) and fatty acid synthase (FAS), and contents of glutamate, glutamine, C24:0, C20:3n-6, C20:4n-6, and polyunsaturated fatty acids (P < 0.05), but it decreased the malondialdehyde content (P < 0.001). In back fat, dietary GAA reduced the transcript of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) and the contents of C10:0, C12:0, C14:0, and C16:0 (P < 0.05), whereas it increased the contents of C22:0, C20:1, C22:1, C24:1, C20:2, C20:3n-3, and C22:2 (P < 0.05). These findings will provide a basis for high-quality Tibetan pork production.

Effect of guanidinoacetic acid on performance, egg quality, yolk fatty acid composition, and nutrient digestibility of aged laying hens fed diets with varying substitution levels of corn with low-tannin sorghum

“…A reduction in MDA levels has been associated with a potential decrease in oxidative damage ( Li et al, 2022 ), suggesting that dietary GAA at a level of 0.6 g/kg is effective in mitigating oxidative stress. Previous studies have also highlighted the potential antioxidant effects of supplemental GAA in low to moderate quantities ( Amiri et al, 2019 ; Cui et al, 2022 ). In contrast, Ostojic (2015) demonstrated that an excess of GAA in the body or an abnormal metabolic process involving this compound can result in a pro-oxidant effect, which leads to the generation of oxidative stress.…”

“…It is worth noting that the ratio of PUFA to SFA, which serves as a significant marker of lipid quality ( Sinanoglou et al, 2011 ), demonstrated a significant increase following the inclusion of GAA supplementation in the dietary regimen. In a recent investigation conducted by Cui et al (2022) , it was found that GAA supplementation led to an increase in the concentrations of linolenic acid (C18:3n-3), arachidonic acid, and total PUFA in the Longissimus thoracis muscle in Tibetan pigs. Our findings suggest that the observed increase in the levels of C18:2n-6 in egg yolk can potentially be attributed to the enhanced efficacy of GAA in facilitating the transportation and deposition of this fatty acid within the yolk.…”

“…The utilization of GAA in various scientific studies has produced promising results in boosting the levels of creatine and arginine, 2 key components that play a vital role in mitigating the harmful effects of free radicals and supporting the body's ability to combat oxidative stress ( Zhao et al, 2021 ; Cui et al, 2022 ). A previous study ( Amiri et al, 2019 ) demonstrated that the inclusion of GAA in the diet of broiler chickens resulted in a significant increase in the activities of antioxidant enzymes, along with a reduction in the levels of malondialdehyde ( MDA ) content.…”

Influence of Fermented Mulberry Leaves as an Alternative Animal Feed Source on Product Performance and Gut Microbiome in Pigs

“…Muscle contents of dry matter, crude protein, ether extract, inosinic acid, and fatty acids were determined according to Cui et al's [12,14] and Chinese standards and general protocols using an ALPHA 2-4 LSC freeze-dryer (Martin Christ GmbH, Osterode am Harz, Germany), an 8400 nitrogen analyzer (FOSS, Hillerød, Denmark), an ether extract analyzer (2055 SOXTEC, FOSS, Hillerød, Denmark), an LC-20AD high-performance liquid chromatograph (Shimazu, Kyoto, Japan), and a 6890 gas chromatograph (Agilent, Santa Clara, CA, USA), respectively.…”