Hydrogenation and oxygenation of CuInSe2 have been studied by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy in order to investigate the defect properties. Initially oxidized p-type material was type-converted by low-energy hydrogen ion implantation. A defect model has been proposed suggesting the reactivation of selenium vacancies (VSe) as well as the creation of additional indium copper antisites (InCu). For cleaved samples, a direct influence of hydrogen on the net-donor concentration has been assumed. The resulting Cu-depleted surface is the result of the downward band bending and the migration of Cu into the bulk by the built-in electric field. The subsequent oxidation leads to a passivation of VSe and InCu, and hence yields a reconversion of the conductivity type.