Effect of Heavy Metals Emissions on Ecosystem of Pakistan

Abstract

Environmental contamination is one of the significant problems of modern society. Heavy metal pollutants include zinc, arsenic, nickel, cadmium, copper, lead, chromium, manganese, and iron etc. Their universal bioavailability accumulation in the food chain causes severe effects on human health. The lives of living species will be preserved by unique heavy metal treatments to improve the air, soil, and water quality. This review article represents a glimpse of heavy metal contamination in several areas of Pakistan over the past few years, that assess the heavy metal especially the contamination in water (groundwater, surface water, and wastewater), soil, and particulate matter. The listed pollution affects the quality of drinking water, the ecological environment, and the food chain. The toxicity induced by contaminated water, soil, and air causes a genuine threat to human health. Moreover, the technologies to overcome this problem has also reported in it.

Ascorbic Acid: A Safe Alternative to Potassium Bromate in Bread Production

“…The highest Zn concentration in the bread samples analyzed was observed for sample AII (0.817mg/kg) while the lowest was in sample AIX (0.423mg/kg). These values are within the permissible level of Zn in foods (50mg/kg) (Asif, Sharf and Anwar 2020).…”

“…The concentration of Cu in the bread samples ranged from 0.04-0.18 mg/kg. These concentrations are within the permissible level of Cu in foods (Asif, Sharf and Anwar 2020).…”

Pollutant Emissions from Brick Kilns and Their Effects on Climate Change and Agriculture

“…Plants in the instantaneous vicinity of emissions sources are more susceptible. For the maturing season, at concentrations of about 1850 μg/m 3 for 1 h, 500 μg/m 3 for 8 h, and 40 μg/m 3 has been revealed that the most sensitive species of plants start on to show visible signs of spoil to sulfur oxides (Asif et al, 2020) In terms of foliar injury, biochemical alterations on vegetation and physiological sulfur dioxide show harmful effects, and short-term SO2 destroyed PSII, decreased the fluidity of the thylakoid membrane, and also affect the process of electron transport. The leaf is the most sensitive part of the air pollutants.…”

Renewable and non‐renewable energy resources of Pakistan and their applicability under the current scenario in Pakistan

“…Coal‐fired power plants are a major source of air pollution and greenhouse gas emissions. In addition to heavy metals such as carbon monoxide and mercury, charcoal releases sulphur dioxide, a toxic substance associated with acid rain (Asif et al ., 2020). In addition to heavy metals that include mercury, selenium, lead, and arsenic and the emission of greenhouse gases that leave harmful by‐products when coal is burned.…”