Effect of heterophasic or random PP copolymer on the compatibility mechanism between EVA and PP copolymers

Ramı́rez-Vargas, E.; Huerta-Martínez, B. M.; Medellín‐Rodríguez, F. J.; Sánchez-Valdés, S.

doi:10.1002/app.29827

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…As the random content in the blend increases (H-20R), a decrease in the melting point is also observed. This is expected due to some typical characteristics of random copolymers, as their lower crystallinity and polymer architecture [27,32,33,34,35]. The analysis of experimental data (Table 3 and Table 4) and the SEM examinations revealed that membranes differing on blending ratio have an optimum value close to 10 percent for the random copolymer, and 20 percent for the heterophasic PP—where higher pore density and a pore distribution fairly homogeneous were achieved.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 92%

Porous Membranes Based on Polypropylene-Ethylene Copolymers. Influence of Temperature on Extrusion, Annealing and Uniaxial Strain Stages

Castejón¹,

Arencón²,

Antunes³

et al. 2018

Polymers

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Abstract:In this study, block and random copolymers of polypropylene-ethylene are selected to prepare porous membranes through the melt extrusion-annealing-uniaxial stretching technique (MEAUS), at a constant draw ratio. In some cases, these copolymers were blended with a homopolymer grade. The variation of temperature in the stages of extrusion, annealing and uniaxial strain was analysed. Several characterisation techniques were employed to study this influence. The crystalline orientation was analysed by polarised infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and crystalline features were studied by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The thermal stability of the membranes was checked by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Tensile tests were performed to ascertain the stiffness and ductility of the produced samples. The results were correlated with the porous morphology, global porosity, and permeability to air. A close relationship was found between crystalline characteristics, porous morphology and the trends registered. An improved pore distribution along the membrane surface was found when copolymers were employed.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 92%

Porous Membranes Based on Polypropylene-Ethylene Copolymers. Influence of Temperature on Extrusion, Annealing and Uniaxial Strain Stages

Castejón¹,

Arencón²,

Antunes³

et al. 2018

Polymers

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“…In a complex ternary system as PP‐EP/EVA/clay, it has been found that PP‐EP/EVA ratio is a determining factor in morphological, thermal and mechanical final composite properties; in this case 40/60 PP‐EP/EVA ratio was found to be the most adequate according to previous reports .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 74%

Effect of organoclay structure characteristics on properties of ternary PP‐EP/EVA/nanoclay blend systems

et al. 2014

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In this study, the effect on the degree of organoclay exfoliation in polypropylene‐ethylene (PP‐EP)/Ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA)/organoclay blend system was studied while varying organoclay structural characteristics. Cloisite 6A, Cloisite 15A, Cloisite 20A, Cloisite 25A, Cloisite 30B, Cloisite 93A, and Cloisite 10A were used because they have different type of modifier. Ternary PP‐EP/EVA/organoclay system was obtained with each type of clay and results were organized to analyze the effect of type of clay chemical modification (C20A, C15A, and C6A), steric effect caused by surfactant structure (C15A and C10A), length of substitute groups on the surfactant (C20 and C25A), and surfactant polarity (C30B and C93A). Samples were characterized by: wide angle X‐ray diffraction, scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM), dynamic mechanical analysis, and capillary rheometry. Results showed that clay galleries can be saturated with chemical modifier complicating the polymer chain intercalation into the clay galleries. Some clay modifier substituent groups could cause certain steric effect promoting less exfoliated platelets structures. Finally, longer chains in the modifier substituent group can promote a better intercalated–exfoliated structure. Among all the studied organoclays, best results were obtained in the ternary system when using C20A, which modifier has two hydrogenated tallows. In this case, interlayer spacing was increased more noticeable after ternary system was formed. This was corroborated with the obtained increase in viscosity and the intercalated–exfoliated structure observed by STEM. POLYM. COMPOS., 35:2241–2250, 2014. © 2014 Society of Plastics Engineers

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“…''PP copolymer", ''PPC", ''Hi-PP", ''co-PP" or ''PP copo" is a class of PP with improved impact properties. However, it is not always clear if it addresses a random copolymer of propylene and ethylene, a block copolymer, a blend, or an EPDM/EPR additived PP (Bouvard et al, 2016;Ramírez-Vargas et al, 2009;Roumeli et al, 2014;Zhou et al, 2008). Similarly to the case of HDPE and LDPE, PPH has supe-rior modulus and hardness but PPC is more processable and impact resistant.…”

Section: Propylene Based Polymers: Pp Homopolymer Pp Copolymer and Epdmmentioning

confidence: 99%

MIR spectral characterization of plastic to enable discrimination in an industrial recycling context: II. Specific case of polyolefins

et al. 2019

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Sorting at industrial scale is required to perform mechanical recycling of plastics in order to obtain properties that could be competitive with virgin polymers. As a matter of fact, the most part of the various types of plastic waste are not miscible and even compatible. Mid-Infrared (MIR) HyperSpectral Imagery (HSI) is viewed as one of the solutions to the problem of black plastic sorting. Many Waste of Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE) plastics are black. Nowadays, these materials are difficult to sort at an industrial scale because the main used pigment to produce this color, carbon black, masks the Near-Infrared (NIR) spectra of polymers, the currently most used technology for acute sorting in industrial conditions. In this study, laboratory Fourier-Transform Infrared (FTIR) in Attenuated Total Reflection mode (ATR) has been used as a theoretical toolbox based on physical chemistry to help building an automated HSI discrimination despite its limited conditions, especially shorter wavelengths ranges. Weaker resolution and very short acquisition times are other HSI limitations. Helping fast and exhaustive laboratory characterizations of polymeric waste stocks is the other goal of this study. This study focusses on polyolefins as they represent the second biggest fraction of WEEE plastics (WEEP) after styrenics and since little quantities mixed to styrenics during mechanical recycling can lead to important decrease in mechanical properties. Twelve references were thus evaluated and compared between each other and with real waste samples to highlight spectral elements, which can enable differentiation. Charts compiling the signals of discussed polymers were built aiming to the same objective.

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Effect of heterophasic or random PP copolymer on the compatibility mechanism between EVA and PP copolymers

Cited by 7 publications

References 38 publications

Porous Membranes Based on Polypropylene-Ethylene Copolymers. Influence of Temperature on Extrusion, Annealing and Uniaxial Strain Stages

Porous Membranes Based on Polypropylene-Ethylene Copolymers. Influence of Temperature on Extrusion, Annealing and Uniaxial Strain Stages

Effect of organoclay structure characteristics on properties of ternary PP‐EP/EVA/nanoclay blend systems

MIR spectral characterization of plastic to enable discrimination in an industrial recycling context: II. Specific case of polyolefins

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