Effect of high pressure carbon dioxide on the clumping of the bacterial spores

Inactivation of food poisoning bacteria and Geobacillus stearothermophilus spores by high pressure carbon dioxide treatment

“…The sporulation ratio of them was between 30% and 95%. The sporulation ratio was measured by the phase contrast microscopic observation with use the Petroff-Hauser counter (Furukawa et al, 2006). B. cereus strain's cell and spore mixture is prepared by the procedure of above cell preparation method.…”

Effect of High-pressure CO2Processing on Bacterial Spores

“…These authors hypothesized that a pressuredependent aggregation (clumping) of the spores may occur and that this clumping phenomenon may inhibit the lethal effect of HPCD treatment. This phenomenon was later demonstrated by Furukawa et al (2006). These researchers evidenced the clumping of B. coagulans and B.…”

“…Furukawa et al (2006) also found that the addition of a surfactant decreased the hydrophobicity of the spore surface and increased both the number of single spores and the rate of the inactivation ratio of B.…”

“…In recent years, the number of published journal articles related to bacterial spore inactivation by HPCD treatment has significantly increased, reaching a cumulative number of 34 published journal articles in June 2012 ( Figure 1). In 27 of these published articles, 12 species of bacterial spores have been investigated: Bacillus subtilis (Kamihira et al, 1987;Ishikawa et al, 1997;Ballestra and Cuq., 1998;Spilimbergo et al, 2002;Spilimbergo et al, 2003a;Watanabe et al, 2003a;Karajanagi et al, 2011), B. cereus (Ishikawa et al, 1997;Spilimbergo et al, 2003a;Watanabe et al, 2003a;Garcia-Gonzalez et al, 2009), B. megaterium (Ishikawa et al, 1997;Enomoto et al, 1997), B. polymyxa (Ishikawa et al, 1997), B. coagulans (Ishikawa et al, 1997;Furukawa et al, 2003;Watanabe et al, 2003a;Watanabe et al, 2003b;Furukawa et al, 2004;Furukawa et al, 2006), B. licheniformis (Furukawa et al, 2003;Watanabe et al, 2003a;Watanabe et al, 2003b;Furukawa et al, 2004;Furukawa et al, 2006), B. pumilus Tarafa et al, 2009;Shieh et al, 2009;Checinska et al, 2011), B. atrophaeus (Hemmer et al, 2006;Zhang et al, 2006b;Qiu et al, 2009), B. anthracis (Zhang et al, 2007), Geobacillus stearothermophilus (Kamihira et al, 1987;Watanabe et al, 2003a;White et al, 2006;Hemmer …”

The Effect of Combined Treatment with Carbonation, Heating, and Monoglycerol Fatty Acid Esters on the Inactivation and Growth Inhibition of Geobacillus stearothermophilus Spores

“…Spore germination induced by CH could increase permeability towards FAEs. Additionally, CH was shown to increase the hydrophobicity of spores (Furukawa et al, 2006). MC 10 and MC 12 have a low hydrophile-lipophile balance of 6.5 and 5.3, respectively.…”