Effect of housing on the performance of double-muscled rearing calves

Fiems, L. O.; Campeneere, Sam De; Cottyn, B. G.; Boucqué, C. V.

doi:10.1051/animres:19980306

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…Therefore, extra attention should be paid to the housing of DM animals. DM calves housed in outdoors hutches are mostly associated with a decreased risk of pneumonia compared to those in indoor confinement [ 64 ].…”

Section: Consequences Of the Inactivation Of Myostatin On Conformamentioning

confidence: 99%

Double Muscling in Cattle: Genes, Husbandry, Carcasses and Meat

Fiems¹

2012

Animals

115

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Simple SummarySelection for an increased meatiness in beef cattle has resulted in double-muscled (DM) animals, owing to the inactivation of the myostatin gene. These animals are characterized by an excellent conformation and an extremely high carcass yield, coinciding with a reduced organ mass. As a consequence, voluntary feed intake is reduced, but feed efficiency is considerably improved, although maintenance requirements are not clearly reduced. DM animals are more susceptible to respiratory disease, stress and dystocia, requiring extra attention for accommodation and welfare. Carcasses of DM animals are very lean, and intramuscular fat content is low. The fatty acid profile is different when compared with non-DM animals, containing less saturated fatty acids. Collagen content of the meat is lower, so that meat from double-muscled animals is mostly more tender. However, meat tenderness, color and juiciness are not always improved. A different metabolism as a consequence of faster glycolytic myofibers can be partly responsible for this phenomenon. DM animals are interesting for the producer and butcher, and beneficial for the consumer, if an appropriate nutrition and accommodation, and adequate slaughter conditions are taken into account.AbstractMolecular biology has enabled the identification of the mechanisms whereby inactive myostatin increases skeletal muscle growth in double-muscled (DM) animals. Myostatin is a secreted growth differentiation factor belonging to the transforming growth factor-β superfamily. Mutations make the myostatin gene inactive, resulting in muscle hypertrophy. The relationship between the different characteristics of DM cattle are defined with possible consequences for livestock husbandry. The extremely high carcass yield of DM animals coincides with a reduction in the size of most vital organs. As a consequence, DM animals may be more susceptible to respiratory disease, urolithiasis, lameness, nutritional stress, heat stress and dystocia, resulting in a lower robustness. Their feed intake capacity is reduced, necessitating a diet with a greater nutrient density. The modified myofiber type is responsible for a lower capillary density, and it induces a more glycolytic metabolism. There are associated changes for the living animal and post-mortem metabolism alterations, requiring appropriate slaughter conditions to maintain a high meat quality. Intramuscular fat content is low, and it is characterized by more unsaturated fatty acids, providing healthier meat for the consumer. It may not always be easy to find a balance between the different disciplines underlying the livestock husbandry of DM animals to realize a good performance and health and meat quality.

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Section: Consequences Of the Inactivation Of Myostatin On Conformamentioning

confidence: 99%

Double Muscling in Cattle: Genes, Husbandry, Carcasses and Meat

Fiems¹

2012

Animals

115

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Em regiões de clima temperado, bezerros mantidos em abrigos móveis apresentam, em geral, consumo de concentrado semelhante (Murley & Culvahouse, 1958;Willett et al, 1968;Jorgenson et al, 1970;Fiems et al, 1998) ou superior (Mcknight, 1978) ao daqueles criados em baias. Em condições tropicais, no entanto, Campos et al (1992) observaram que animais mantidos em abrigos móveis durante o verão consumiram menor quantidade de concentrado em comparação àqueles criados em baias individuais.…”

Section: Tabela 1 -Dados Meteorológicos Obtidos Durante O Período Expunclassified

Desempenho, variáveis fisiológicas e comportamento de bezerros mantidos em diferentes instalações: época chuvosa

Cunha¹,

Campos

Pereira³

et al. 2007

R. Bras. Zootec.

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RESUMO -Objetivou-se avaliar o desempenho, o conforto térmico e o comportamento de bezerros mestiços Holandês × Zebu mantidos em abrigos móveis, sob sombrites ou a céu aberto durante a estação chuvosa do ano (dezembro a abril). Foram utilizados 24 bezerros mestiços do nascimento aos 70 dias de idade, distribuídos em blocos casualizados, nas seguintes instalações: abrigos móveis, telas de polipropileno e a céu aberto. Os animais mantidos a céu aberto apresentaram, à tarde, maior temperatura retal e maior frequência respiratória. Não foi observada influência dos tipos de instalação sobre as variáveis relacionadas ao comportamento, entretanto, os bezerros mantidos em abrigos móveis passaram a maior parte do tempo do lado de fora das instalações. As instalações não afetaram o desempenho dos animais. Nos três tipos de instalação, no período da tarde, os bezerros elevaram a frequência respiratória acima da faixa considerada fisiologicamente normal, o que caracteriza condição de desconforto térmico. Bezerros permanecem a maior parte do tempo do lado de fora dos abrigos móveis, mesmo nos horários de radiação solar mais intensa ou durante as horas de chuva. Bezerros mantidos em abrigos individuais, sob sombrites ou a céu aberto apresentam desempenhos semelhantes.Palavras-chave: abrigos móveis, consumo, frequência respiratória, ganho de peso, temperatura retal Performance, physiological and behavioral measurements of dairy calves in different housing systems: rainy season ABSTRACT -The objective of this trial was to evaluate performance, thermal comfort and behavior of crossbred Holstein x Zebu dairy calves kept in different housing systems during the rainy season (December to April). Twentyfour calves were raised from birth to 70 days of age in one of the following housing systems: hutches; shadecloth; or no shelter. Rectal temperature and respiratory rate measurements were taken twice a day (8:00 AM and 3:00 PM) when calves were 1, 4 and 9 weeks old. Respiratory rate was measured counting the number of respiratory movements per minute and rectal temperatures were taken with clinical thermometers. Behavior evaluation was done by visual observation of the animals every 10 min for a period of 24 h. There were no differences among the housing systems on body weight, average daily weight gain, starter intake and feed efficiency. Calves raised with no shelter showed increased rectal temperatures at the afternoon. It can be concluded that use of hutches might not be necessary considering that calves spent most of their time outside. Calves raised with no shelter had higher rectal temperatures and respiratory rates and were unable to maintain these variables under physiological conditions. Calves performance was satisfactory in all three housing systems evaluated.Key Words: hutches, intake, rectal temperature, respiratory rate, weight gain IntroduçãoA desregulamentação do mercado de leite e a abertura do comércio internacional de produtos lácteos na década de 90 forçaram os produtores brasileiros a se modernizarem rapidamente n...

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Effect of housing on the performance of double-muscled rearing calves

Cited by 2 publications

References 10 publications

Double Muscling in Cattle: Genes, Husbandry, Carcasses and Meat

Double Muscling in Cattle: Genes, Husbandry, Carcasses and Meat

Desempenho, variáveis fisiológicas e comportamento de bezerros mantidos em diferentes instalações: época chuvosa

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