2013
DOI: 10.1007/s11144-013-0577-y
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Effect of hydrothermal conditions on the catalytic deactivation of a fluid cracking catalyst

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Cited by 11 publications
(3 citation statements)
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“…These operating temperatures vary based upon the unit configuration, the feedstock being processed, and the yields and selectivities desired. Catalyst is continuously added and withdrawn from the unit so that the circulating catalyst is composed of a distribution of particles with different ages in the system (so-called equilibrium catalyst or E-cat), possessing different activities, levels of dealumination, amorphization, contamination by metals, attrition, and so on. ,, The study of deactivation and regeneration of cracking catalysts at the laboratory scale is therefore crucial for the understanding and successful scale up of novel formulations. , …”
Section: What’s Up At the Industrial Scale?mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…These operating temperatures vary based upon the unit configuration, the feedstock being processed, and the yields and selectivities desired. Catalyst is continuously added and withdrawn from the unit so that the circulating catalyst is composed of a distribution of particles with different ages in the system (so-called equilibrium catalyst or E-cat), possessing different activities, levels of dealumination, amorphization, contamination by metals, attrition, and so on. ,, The study of deactivation and regeneration of cracking catalysts at the laboratory scale is therefore crucial for the understanding and successful scale up of novel formulations. , …”
Section: What’s Up At the Industrial Scale?mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…This can also be found by the BET data in Table 1 that the surface area of the spent FCC catalyst is smaller than that of the calcined version, though with a minimal increase attributed to structure collapse. 41,42 Many rhombus particles i.e. NiO grains, on the surface or between the layers of the supported NiO catalyst can be seen ( Fig.…”
Section: Catalyst Characterizationmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The Mitchell (MI) method of simulating metal-poisoned catalysts exaggerates both the industrial E-Cat properties and the catalytic behavior, especially at high loadings. Nguyen et al [16] investigated the effect of hydrothermal conditions on the catalytic deactivation of an FCC catalyst using a cyclic propylene steaming method. Implementation of CDM and CPS methods is very difficult and time-consuming, and there is a deviation in coke and gas yield [17][18][19].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%