Effect of immunosuppression on the development of experimental hematogenous Candida endophthalmitis

Henderson, DK; Hockey, L J; Vukalcic, LJ; Edwards, Jr Je

doi:10.1128/iai.27.2.628-631.1980

Cited by 27 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…One or all of these factors are sufficient to place a patient at risk for candidemia and, hence, for endophthalmitis. Neutropenia, although a risk factor for candidemia, reduces the incidence of candidal endophthalmitis in the rabbit model (122) and perhaps in patients as well (78). This suggests that the chorioretinal lesions are probably a reflection of a vigorous host response rather than just the sheer number of infecting microorganisms.…”

Section: Bloodborne Infections: Endogenous Endophthalmitismentioning

confidence: 99%

Fungal and Parasitic Infections of the Eye

et al. 2000

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SUMMARY The unique structure of the human eye as well as exposure of the eye directly to the environment renders it vulnerable to a number of uncommon infectious diseases caused by fungi and parasites. Host defenses directed against these microorganisms, once anatomical barriers are breached, are often insufficient to prevent loss of vision. Therefore, the timely identification and treatment of the involved microorganisms are paramount. The anatomy of the eye and its surrounding structures is presented with an emphasis upon the association of the anatomy with specific infection of fungi and parasites. For example, filamentous fungal infections of the eye are usually due to penetrating trauma by objects contaminated by vegetable matter of the cornea or globe or, by extension, of infection from adjacent paranasal sinuses. Fungal endophthalmitis and chorioretinitis, on the other hand, are usually the result of antecedent fungemia seeding the ocular tissue. Candida spp. are the most common cause of endogenous endophthalmitis, although initial infection with the dimorphic fungi may lead to infection and scarring of the chorioretina. Contact lens wear is associated with keratitis caused by yeasts, filamentous fungi, and Acanthamoebae spp. Most parasitic infections of the eye, however, arise following bloodborne carriage of the microorganism to the eye or adjacent structures.

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Section: Bloodborne Infections: Endogenous Endophthalmitismentioning

confidence: 99%

Fungal and Parasitic Infections of the Eye

et al. 2000

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“…It has also been observed that sera of patients with chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis were able to suppress immune responses specific for C. albicans (4, 16). Furthermore, C. albicans or selected components thereof, such as mannan, other polysaccharides, cell wall glycoproteins, and fungal toxins or metabolites have been shown to induce immunosuppression (10,21,30,32). On the other hand, increased resistance to challenge with C. albicans was achieved by treatment with anti-p chain antibodies (23) and with immunosuppressive drugs such as cyclophosphamide (6,9) or nitrogen mustard (20).…”

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confidence: 99%

Immunological activities of a Candida albicans protein which plays an important role in the survival of the microorganism in the host

Tavares¹,

Salvador²,

Ferreira³

et al. 1993

Infect Immun

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A protein with an isoelectric point of 4.3 and a relative molecular mass of 43 kDa (p43) was purified from the supernatants of the cultures of pathogenic Candida albicans but could not be detected in the supernatants of cultures of this fungus with pathogenicity previously attenuated after being repeatedly subcultured in vitro. Treatment of BALB/c and C57BV6 mice with p43 resulted in (i) marked increases in the numbers of splenic immunoglobulin-secreting plaque-forming cells (PFC) with peak responses of immunoglobulin M (IgM) PFC preceding those of IgG PFC, with an isotype restriction pattern of IgG2a>IgG2b>IgG3>IgG1>IgM, and (ii) specific immunosuppression of the murine primary immune response against sheep erythrocytes. Immunosuppressive and B-cell mitogenic properties of p43 were quantitatively associated and inversely correlated with susceptibility to C. albicans infection. C57BV6 mice treated with p43 2 days before inoculation with C. albicans were considerably more susceptible to the fungal infection than untreated mice. The immunobiological and chemical properties of p43 are compared with previously described immunosuppressive and B-cell mitogenic proteins produced by bacteria and viruses, and strategies for immunointervention are discussed.

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“…Of the three cases, the case with the most slowly developing ocular lesions was characterized by severe neutropenia. Some reports have recommended that patients with neutropenia undergo ophthalmologic examination after their neutrophil counts have recovered [ 21 , 22 ]. Repeat fundus examinations are more important in neutropenic patients because these cases are less likely to have an immune response, which could delay the manifestation of ocular lesions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk Factors and Clinical Characteristics of Patients with Ocular Candidiasis

Sakamoto

Gotoh

Hashimoto

et al. 2022

JoF

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Ocular candidiasis is a critical and challenging complication of candidemia. The purpose of this study was to investigate the appropriate timing for ophthalmologic examinations, risk factors for complications of ocular lesions, and their association with mortality. This retrospective cohort study applied, using multiple logistic regression analysis and Cox regression models, to cases of candidemia (age ≥ 18 years) for patients who underwent ophthalmologic consultation. Of the 108 candidemia patients who underwent ophthalmologic examination, 27 (25%) contracted patients had ocular candidiasis, and 7 experienced the more severe condition of endophthalmitis, which included subjective ocular symptoms. In most cases, the initial ophthalmologic examination was performed within one week of the onset of candidiasis with a diagnosis of ocular candidiasis, but in three cases, the findings became apparent only after a second examination within 7–14 days after onset of candidiasis. The independent risk factor extracted for the development of ocular candidiasis was the isolation of C. albicans (OR, 4.85; 95% CI, 1.58–14.90), unremoved CVC (OR, 10.40; 95% CI, 1.74–62.16), and a high βDG value (>108.2 pg/mL) (HR, 2.83; 95% CI = 1.24–6.27). Continuous ophthalmologic examination is recommended in cases of candidemia with the above risk factors with an initial examination within 7 days of onset and a second examination 7–14 days after onset.

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Effect of immunosuppression on the development of experimental hematogenous Candida endophthalmitis

Cited by 27 publications

References 11 publications

Fungal and Parasitic Infections of the Eye

Fungal and Parasitic Infections of the Eye

Immunological activities of a Candida albicans protein which plays an important role in the survival of the microorganism in the host

Risk Factors and Clinical Characteristics of Patients with Ocular Candidiasis

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