Effect of In Ovo Zinc Injection on the Embryonic Development and Epigenetics-Related Indices of Zinc-Deprived Broiler Breeder Eggs

Abstract

The role of in ovo zinc (Zn) injection in improving the embryonic development in eggs from Zn-deficient hens, via epigenetic and antioxidant mechanisms, was examined. A completely randomized design involving a 1 (the non-injected control) + 1 (the injected control with sterilized water) + 2 (Zn source) × 2 (Zn level) factorial arrangement of treatments was used. The two injected Zn sources were inorganic Zn sulfate and organic Zn-lysine chelate with a moderate chelation strength, and the two injected Zn levels were 50 and 100 μg Zn/egg. In ovo Zn injection decreased (P < 0.05) embryonic mortality, and increased (P < 0.05) hatchability and healthy chick ratio. In ovo Zn injection increased (P < 0.05) embryonic tibia Zn content, but had no effect (P > 0.05) on copper (Cu)- and Zn-containing superoxide dismutase (CuZnSOD) activities and metallothionein IV (MT4) levels or their mRNA expression levels and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in the embryonic liver. In ovo Zn injection had no effect (P > 0.05) on the global level of DNA methylation or DNA methylation and histone 3 lysine 9 (H3K9) acetylation levels of the MT4 promoter in the embryonic liver. However, the organic Zn had higher (P < 0.05) levels of DNA methylation and H3K9 acetylation than inorganic Zn. These data demonstrate that in ovo Zn injection improved the embryonic development, and the organic Zn was more effective than inorganic Zn in enhancing DNA methylation and H3K9 acetylation in the liver MT4 promoter, but the precise mechanisms require further investigations.

Re/ Post-Hatch Nano-Zinc Supplementations Effects on Hatchability, Growth Performance, Carcass Traits, Bone Characteristics and Physiological Status of Inshas Chicks

“…Nanoparticles have been reported to be more efficient for animals than larger particles at low doses due to the easy absorption and biological availability as well as appear to interact better with other materials due to the significance of the active surface (Khalil et al, 2013;Wang et al, 2015;El Basuini et al, 2016, 2017. In the present study, hatchability percentage of Inshas strain was affected by in ovo zinc supplementations, which is in line with the previous studiesreported by Joshua et al(2016); Jose et al (2018); Sun et al (2018). Results indicate thatin ovo ZnO-NPs by up to 60 µg/ egg has no adverse effect onhatchability percentagebut decreases with increasingZnO-NPs above 60 µg per egg.…”

“…The highest phagocytic activities were observed in D30C60, D30C80, and D30C100 groups. DISCUSSIONS Zinc at adequate level plays serious roles in the overall performance of animals including poultry, as it involves in an assortment of biological systems and is the main component of a large number of enzymes (Akbari et al, 2016(Akbari et al, , 2018Torres and Korver, 2018;Zhang et al, 2018). Poultryrequirements of zinc range from 30 to 40 μg / kg depending on a number of factors, including species or breeds, age,environmental conditions, diet composition, supplementation levels, and forms (Burrell et al, 2004;Rossiet al, 2007;Roy et al, 2013).…”

“…Studies have reported that nanoparticles supplementations boosted the nutrients utilization and bioavailability, immunity, and performance in livestock and poultry (Sahoo et al, 2014 a ;Vijayakumar and Balakrishnan, 2014;Ognik et al, 2016;Al-Beitawi et al, 2017). Zinc is an essential trace element for the physiological function of livestock animals, and it plays an important role in many biological processes Sloup et al, 2017;Zhang et al, 2018). Since materials at the nano-scale dimension exhibit novel properties (Thulasi et al, 2013), Nano-Zn (ZnO-NPs) has attracted attention (Ognik et al, 2016).…”

Prediction and Effect of Maternal Marginal Zinc Deficiency on Development, Redox Status, and Gene Expression Related to Oxidation and Apoptosis of Embryos

“…It is also indicated that Zn requirement for laying performance might not be su cient to maintain the hatchability and embryonic development of laying ducks. As reported previously, severe Zn de ciency in hen diets impaired egg production and embryonic development [29], whereas maternal Zn supplementation or in ovo injections of Zn in yolk can eliminate these adverse effects [30]. Therefore, it is necessary to assess Zn status measuring some speci c sensitive indicators to prevent the marginal Zn de ciency occurred in breeder diets.…”

Combination Therapy of Zinc and Trimethoprim Inhibits Influenza A Virus in Chick Embryo&nbsp;&nbsp;

“…However, ferrets and mice are more susceptible to zinc toxicity than other species such as the chick embryo 10 , 11 . The chick requires zinc for normal development and can tolerate high intake of zinc supplied in appropriate diet 12,13 . In uenza virus infection is lethal to the chick embryo.…”