Effect of in-situ phase transition of (MgCoNiCuZn)O high-entropy oxides on microstructure and performance of Ag-based electrical contact materials

Lin, Zhisheng; Gao, Wei; Li, Songyu; Shen, Qiang; Dai, Pinqiang; Zhou, Lei; Chen, Hongxiang; Sun, Xudong

doi:10.1016/j.apsusc.2023.157479

Cited by 15 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Electrical contact materials made fromprecious metals exhibit high electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity, chemical stability, and resistance to welding and arc erosion. These materials have attracted attention owing to their ability to provide reliable electrical contact and maintain low, stable contact resistance, making them ideal for connecting and disconnecting devices [1][2][3]. In the development of multilayer metal composite electrical contacts, precious metals are typically incorporated into the contact surface or transition layer, which not only enhances performance but also reduces costs [4,5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

First-principles study of stability and electronic structural properties of Ag/Au/M (Cu, Ni) interface

Hu,

Ma,

Xie

et al. 2024

Mater. Res. Express

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This study investigated the interface energy, work of adhesion, and electronic structural properties at the Ag/Au/M(Cu,Ni) interface, employing the first-principles method based on density functional theory. First, the structures of various binary and ternary interfaces were optimized. Subsequently, the total density of states (TDOS), partial density of states (PDOS), charge distribution, and bonding characteristics of these interfaces were investigated. Additionally, the interface energy and work of adhesion of these interfaces were calculated. The results indicated that the Ag/Au/Ni interface exhibited higher stability and bonding strength compared to the Ag/Au/Cu interface. The contribution of the PDOS of atoms at the Ag/Au/M(Cu,Ni) interface to the TDOS can be primarily attributed to d-orbital electrons, while s- and p-orbit electrons had minimal influence on PDOS. Notably, d-d orbital hybridization emerged between the d-orbit electrons in Cu and Ni atoms and those in Ag and Au atoms, enhancing structural stability. Two distinct peaks in the TDOS of Ag/Ni, Au/Ni, and Ag/Au/Ni interfaces appeared near the Fermi level, corresponding to d-d orbital hybridization involving Ni, Ag, and Au atoms. At the Ag/Au/Cu and Ag/Au/Ni interfaces, resonance peaks corresponding to the s and p orbits of Ag and the s and p orbits of Au, as well as the d orbits of Ag and Au, indicated the presence of a relatively strong metallic bond between Ag and Au atoms. Furthermore, the Ag/Ni and Au/Ni systems exhibited greater average electron transfer compared to the Ag/Cu and Au/Cu systems. Moreover, atomic bond lengths at the Ag/Au/Ni interface were significantly less than those at the Ag/Au/Cu interface, indicating higher stability of the Ag/Au/Ni interface compared to the Ag/Au/Cu interface.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

First-principles study of stability and electronic structural properties of Ag/Au/M (Cu, Ni) interface

Hu,

Ma,

Xie

et al. 2024

Mater. Res. Express

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“…Ag-based electrical contact materials such as AgMeO [ 1 ], AgNi [ 2 ], AgC [ 3 ], AgWC [ 4 ] and AgZrB 2 [ 5 ] are presently among the most widely employed options in the field. Various AgMeO electrical contact materials, including AgCdO [ 6 ], AgSnO 2 [ 7 ], AgZnO [ 8 ], AgZnO 2 [ 9 ], AgCuO [ 10 ], AgY 2 O 3 [ 11 ] and Ag(MgCoNiCuZn)O [ 12 ] have been developed due to their exceptional electrical contact properties, improved resistance to welding and arc erosion, as well as enhanced thermal and electrical conductivity. While AgCdO electrical contact material exhibits remarkable electrical contact properties, its utilization is increasingly limited because of the toxicity of Cd during both production and usage.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Heat Treatment Condition on the Microstructure, Microhardness and Corrosion Resistance of Ag-Sn-In-Ni-Te Alloy Wire

Shao,

Zhang,

et al. 2024

Materials

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Ag-Sn-In-Ni-Te alloy ingots were produced through a heating–cooling combined mold continuous casting technique; they were then drawn into wires. However, during the drawing process, the alloy wires tended to harden, making further diameter reduction challenging. To overcome this, heat treatment was necessary to soften the previously drawn wires. The study investigated how variations in heat treatment temperature and holding time affected the microstructure, microhardness and corrosion resistance of the alloy wires. The results indicate that the alloy wires subjected to heat treatment at 700 °C for 2 h not only exhibited a uniform microstructure distribution, but also demonstrated low microhardness and excellent corrosion resistance.

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Unveiling the Origin of the Strengthening Mechanism in a Novel Precious Metal Multi‐Principal Elements Alloy

Zhou,

Ge,

Xiong

et al. 2024

Advanced Science

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Precious metal electrical contact materials are pivotal in microelectronic devices due to their excellent chemical stability and electrical properties. Their practical application is hindered by the strength, contact resistance, and high cost. Multi‐principal elements alloys (MPEAs) provide the possibility to develop cost‐effective materials with enhanced mechanical properties. To address this, a novel precious metal MPEA, PdAgCuAuPtZn alloy, is designed, which exhibits significant solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening effects. The ultimate tensile strength increases from 747 MPa in the solution state to 1126 MPa in the aged state, while resistivity remains low. This study presents the first systematic investigation into the strengthening mechanisms of precious metal MPEAs using nanoindentation technology. These findings indicate that the aging strengthening of the alloy is attributed to spinodal decomposition (SD) and chemical short‐range order (CSRO) in the matrix. Furthermore, the precipitation structure with Cu‐rich and Ag‐rich phases gradually replaces the matrix, primarily accounting for aging softening. Additionally, it is discovered that precipitation structure can be strengthened by CSRO formed in the Cu‐rich phase, thus providing an innovative strengthening in PdAgCuAuPtZn alloy. These results will be beneficial to both deeply understanding the aging behaviors of PdAgCuAuPtZn alloys and designing high‐performance precious metal MPEAs.

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Effect of in-situ phase transition of (MgCoNiCuZn)O high-entropy oxides on microstructure and performance of Ag-based electrical contact materials

Cited by 15 publications

References 42 publications

First-principles study of stability and electronic structural properties of Ag/Au/M (Cu, Ni) interface

First-principles study of stability and electronic structural properties of Ag/Au/M (Cu, Ni) interface

Influence of Heat Treatment Condition on the Microstructure, Microhardness and Corrosion Resistance of Ag-Sn-In-Ni-Te Alloy Wire

Unveiling the Origin of the Strengthening Mechanism in a Novel Precious Metal Multi‐Principal Elements Alloy

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