Effect of initial fertilisation on biomass and nutrient contentof Norway spruce and Douglas-fir plantations at the same site

Sicard, C.; André, Laurent Saint; Gelhaye, Dominique; Ranger, Jacques

doi:10.1007/s00468-005-0030-6

Cited by 43 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…35,36 However, the Cl − levels in (throughfall and stemflow) from oak and beech were almost equal to the estimated total deposition (Figure 1 (Figure 1), despite having a larger standing foliage biomass (31 t dry mass ha −1 versus 18 t dry mass ha −1 , respectively). 37 Thus, throughfall was independent of foliage biomass, indicating that speciesdependent leaching could be more important for the observed differences between stands than possible differences in capturing dry deposition.…”

Section: Environmental Science and Technologymentioning

confidence: 89%

Experimental Evidence of Large Changes in Terrestrial Chlorine Cycling Following Altered Tree Species Composition

Montelius

Thiry

Marang³

et al. 2015

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Organochlorine molecules (Cl org ) are surprisingly abundant in soils and frequently exceed chloride (Cl − ) levels. Despite the widespread abundance of Cl org and the common ability of microorganisms to produce Cl org , we lack fundamental knowledge about how overall chlorine cycling is regulated in forested ecosystems. Here we present data from a long-term reforestation experiment where native forest was cleared and replaced with five different tree species. Our results show that the abundance and residence times of Cl − and Cl org after 30 years were highly dependent on which tree species were planted on the nearby plots. Average Cl − and Cl org content in soil humus were higher, at experimental plots with coniferous trees than in those with deciduous trees. Plots with Norway spruce had the highest net accumulation of Cl − and Cl org over the experiment period, and showed a 10 and 4 times higher Cl − and Cl org storage (kg ha −1 ) in the biomass, respectively, and 7 and 9 times higher storage of Cl − and Cl org in the soil humus layer, compared to plots with oak. The results can explain why local soil chlorine levels are frequently independent of atmospheric deposition, and provide opportunities for improved modeling of chlorine distribution and cycling in terrestrial ecosystems.

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Section: Environmental Science and Technologymentioning

confidence: 89%

Experimental Evidence of Large Changes in Terrestrial Chlorine Cycling Following Altered Tree Species Composition

Montelius

Thiry

Marang³

et al. 2015

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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“…Compared to other tree parts, coarse roots have lower nutrient contents than foliage but higher contents than stem wood (Hellsten et al 2013;Sicard et al 2006). Roots contents of nutrients -especially N but also P, K, Ca Mg and Na -increase with reductions in their size.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Roots contents of nutrients -especially N but also P, K, Ca Mg and Na -increase with reductions in their size. For roots below a diameter of 60-80 mm, the concentration of N can become quite high (0.05-0.35%) (Hellsten et al 2013), compared to stemwood (0.015-0.055%) (Sicard et al 2006). The content of N in large fine roots, 2-5 mm in diameter, is even higher (~0.7%) and the content in small fine roots < 2 mm is higher still (~1%) (Gordon and Jackson 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Effect of stump size and timing of stump harvesting on ground disturbance and root breakage diameter

Berg¹,

Nordfjell²,

Bergström³

2015

Silva Fenn.

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Effect of stump size and timing of stump harvesting on ground disturbance and root breakage diameter Berg S., Bergström D., Nordfjell T. (2015). Effect of stump size and timing of stump harvesting on ground disturbance and root breakage diameter. Silva Fennica vol. 49 no. 5 article id 1312. 17 p. Highlights• The ground disturbance and root breakage diameter during conventional stump harvesting on mineral soil were quantified.• A function for estimating the disturbed area based on stump size was constructed.• Many fine roots were found to be harvested.• The total ground disturbance at the site after stump harvesting was similar to that caused by soil scarification. AbstractStump wood is a possible alternative to fossil fuel. Its harvesting, however, disturbs the ground and this has not yet been quantified at stump level. Such disturbance is likely to be dependent on stump size, type of soil and timing of stump harvesting. Therefore, we measured ground disturbance and root breakage diameter at two Norway spruce sites with sandy glacial till soil. The sites were harvested with a fork type head, 6 and 18 months after clear cutting. Measurements were made within 2 weeks of harvest. No difference was found between the two sites. The mean area of disturbed ground was 6.06 (std 3.14) m 2 per stump and increased exponentially with stump size. A regression function modelling the relationship was constructed. Unexpectedly, many fine roots where extracted in the harvest. The arithmetic and basal area weighted mean root breakage diameter was 4.6 (std 2.2) and 29.5 (std 17.9) mm, respectively. There seems to be a limited increase in root breakage diameter with increased stump size. The small root breakage diameter is associated with reduced fuel quality and greater nutrient removal. It appears that much of the ground disturbance is associated with the creation of ruts rather than stump harvest per se. Stump harvesting disturbs a larger percentage of the area of a harvested site than mounding. Postponing stump harvest by one year did not decrease the ground disturbance or increase the root breakage diameter. To achieve less disturbance and larger root breakage diameter, probably new stump harvesting technology is required.

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“…Brown and van den Driessche 2005;Coleman et al 2004). In some cases, the effects of a single fertilisation event on productivity can be observed even after many years (Sicard et al 2006). The effects of N availability are also well-documented with regard to the productivity, biomass allocation and architecture of forest tree species (Dickson 1989;Gessler et al 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Short-term effects of nitrogen availability on wood formation and fibre properties in hybrid poplar

Pitre

Cooke

Mackay

2007

Trees

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The application of nitrogen-containing fertilisers is one approach used to increase growth rates and productivity of forest tree plantations. However, the effects of nitrogen fertilisation on wood properties have not been systematically assessed. The aim of this work was to document the impacts of nitrogen fertilisation on wood formation and secondary xylem fibre properties. We used three fertilisation treatments in which the level of ammonium nitrate was adjusted to 0, 1 and 10 mM in a complete nutrient solution applied daily over a period of 28 days in standardised greenhouse experiments with clonal material of Populus trichocarpa (Torr and Gray) × deltoides (Bartr. ex Marsh). We showed that there was a short-term and repeatable response in which xylem fibre morphology and secondary cell wall structure adapt to a shift in N availability. Under high-nitrogen exposure, xylem fibres were 17% wider and 18% shorter compared to the adequate nitrogen treatment. A very significant thickening of the fibre cell walls was also observed throughout the stem of trees receiving the high-N treatment. It appeared that cell wall structure was greatly affected by the high-N treatment as fibres developed a modified inner cell wall layer. Histological observations indicated that the internal cell wall layer was enriched in cellulose and chemical determinations showed that wood contained more holocellulose. Together, these results indicate that the response of poplar to nitrogen Communicated by R. Aloni availability may involve marked effects on secondary xylem formation.

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Effect of initial fertilisation on biomass and nutrient contentof Norway spruce and Douglas-fir plantations at the same site

Cited by 43 publications

References 26 publications

Experimental Evidence of Large Changes in Terrestrial Chlorine Cycling Following Altered Tree Species Composition

Experimental Evidence of Large Changes in Terrestrial Chlorine Cycling Following Altered Tree Species Composition

Effect of stump size and timing of stump harvesting on ground disturbance and root breakage diameter

Short-term effects of nitrogen availability on wood formation and fibre properties in hybrid poplar

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