Effect of intraperitoneal infusion of deoxynivalenol on feed consumption and weight gain in the pig

Abstract

The mycotoxin deoxynivalenol (DON) is well documented to cause reduced feed consumption (FC) and weight gain (WG) rates in sensitive animal species. In the present study, the effect of DON on pigs when ingested as a DON-spiked diet was compared with toxin administered by a continuous-delivery osmotic pump that was implanted intraperitoneally (ip). The trial was conducted for a 7-day period. At 4 ppm dietary DON, overall FC and WG were reduced Ϫ14% and Ϫ8%, respectively, compared with control animals; at 9 ppm DON, values were Ϫ46% and Ϫ65% less, respectively. With ip infusion of the toxin, although FC was also reduced [Ϫ16% at 2 g DON/hr (low dose) or Ϫ31% at 5 g DON/hr (high dose)], WG rates were affected to a relatively less extent (Ϫ5% or Ϫ9%, respectively) than that noted with dietary DON. In pigs on dietary DON, both FC and WG were most affected during the initial 3-day period and showed significant recovery thereafter; however, in animals dosed by the ip pump, FC improved only moderately, and WG stayed relatively constant over the 7 days. The effect of dietary DON on WG appears to be influenced by more than just reduced feed intake, particularly at higher toxin concentrations. Nat.

An acute challenge with a deoxynivalenol-contaminated diet has short- and long-term effects on performance and feeding behavior in finishing pigs1

“…After this initial drop in feed intake, the gradual increase in ADFI (feed intake retrieval) clearly indicated that pigs have the ability to adapt to the presence of DON in the diet. This result is in agreement with previous studies (Foster et al, 1986;Prelusky, 1997). Although the adaptive mechanism of pigs to DON has not been fully understood, Prelusky (1997) suggests that this adaptation is stronger when DON is fed orally than when given intravenously.…”

“…This result is in agreement with previous studies (Foster et al, 1986;Prelusky, 1997). Although the adaptive mechanism of pigs to DON has not been fully understood, Prelusky (1997) suggests that this adaptation is stronger when DON is fed orally than when given intravenously. One reason could be related to the effect on DON in the gut and especially its ability to alter the intestinal microbiota composition (Tenk et al, 1982;Mayer et al, 2017).…”

Suppression of Insulin-Like Growth Factor Acid-Labile Subunit Expression—A Novel Mechanism for Deoxynivalenol-Induced Growth Retardation

“…Furthermore, rodent studies with the serotonin antagonist cyproheptadine did not support a central role for feed refusal in DON-induced weight gain reduction. Therefore DON's effects on weight could be secondary to other pharmacological actions (Prelusky et al, 1997) and might be influenced by factors other than reduced feed intake (Prelusky, 1997). In support of this possibility, independent feeding studies by our group (Forsell et al, 1986) and Iverson et al (1995) failed to demonstrate a strong correlation between weight reduction and feed refusal in DON-exposed animals, particularly at dietary concentrations less than 25 ppm.…”

Effects of feeding diet contaminated with deoxynivalenol on plasma chemistry in growing broiler chickens and the efficacy of glucomannan mycotoxin adsorbent

“…Indeed, in domestic or laboratory animals, large doses of DON caused feed refusal, decreased weight gain, vomiting, gastrointestinal and dermal irritation and immunological alterations. Lower doses of DON have been shown to provoke elevation of serum IgA level and are also known to affect cell-mediated and humoral immunity in several animal species (Prelusky, 1997;Pestka, 2003).…”