Effect of ion concentration on mechanosynthesis of carbonated chlorapatite nanopowders

Abstract

a b s t r a c tCarbonated chlorapatite nanopowders (n-CCAp) with different degrees of substitution were successfully synthesized by the one-step mechanochemical process. Results demonstrated that the formation of n-CCAp was influenced strongly by the carbonate content (x). From X-ray analysis, crystallite size, crystallinity degree, and unit cell volume of n-CCAp decreased significantly as carbonate content (x) increased from 0 to 2. Conversely, the lattice strain and the volume fraction of grain boundaries grew considerably. Microscopic analysis showed the average particle size of the synthesized powders was 15710 nm. The influence of carbonate concentration on mechanosynthesis of pure n-CCAp utilizing a facile solid-state process has not been reported yet; it has potential application for biomedical engineering.

Mechanochemical synthesis of zinc-apatitic calcium phosphate and the controlled zinc release for bone tissue engineering

“…The spectral peaks at 3569, 3250, 3200, 2420, 1705, 1470, 1405 and 1104 cm À1 of the ground product (mainly peaks due to DCPD) decrease with increasing grinding time. In contrast, the peaks at 600 and 1000 cm À1 due to the carbonated apatite and 3 due to the phosphate ion significantly increase 35 . The results indicated that this phenomenon is a transition to a HAp-like solid.…”

“…SEM results (Figure 4a) clearly indicated that the product had a clusterlike structure that was composed of several small particles with 5 lm or less in diameter. Fahami et al 35 reported an effect of ion concentration on mechanosynthesis of carbonated chlorapatite nanopowders, and concluded that the formation of a ductilebrittle system induced polygonal shape nanocrystals. In the present system, during milling, three brittle components (ZnO, CaO and CaHPO 4 ) were transformed into amorphous forms with a deformed and unstable nature.…”

Synthetic Phase with the Structure of Apatite

“…Carbonated chlorapatite nanopowders can be synthesized by the mechanochemical process under argon atmosphere using the mixture of calcite (CaCO 3 ), phosphorus pentoxide (P 2 O 5 ) and calcium chloride (CaCl 2 ) as raw materials [181], [182]:…”

Thermally induced crystallization of mechanically alloyed Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3 and K0.5Bi0.5TiO3 piezoelectric ceramic nanopowders

“…Finally, a balance between fracturing brittle particles by trapping and ductile constituents by work hardening caused the formation of fine powders [29].…”