Effect of ionic adjustment frequency in low-salinity water on zootechnical performance, water quality and mineral composition of Litopenaeus vannamei in a synbiotic nursery system

Penaeus vannamei nursery in a synbiotic system: Effects of different forms of artificially salinized in low-salinity water

“…In all treatments in this study, TAN and N-NO 2 levels were maintained within the ideal levels for low salinity treatments (< 0.81 mg TAN L − 1 and < 0.45 mg N-NO 2 L − 1 ) and for the seawater (< 3 mg TAN L − 1 and < 10 mg N-NO 2 L − 1 ) (Valencia-Castañeda et al 2018; Samocha 2019). This control of nitrogen in different forms of arti cial salinization of water is related to the combination of the use of a 5% water reuse inoculum, a synbiotic system and an arti cial substrate, as also observed byPimentel et al (2022) andOliveira et al (2022b), with production of P. vannamei juveniles in low salinity water. These results contribute to the installation of intensive nurseries with minimal water exchange with salinity close to 3 g L − 1 , reducing production costs with arti cially salinized, since many researches and productions in arti cial waters use higher or close salinity to 10 g L − 1(Pinto et al 2020;Fleckenstein et al 2022), which makes the cost per m 3 of water economically onerous for the production of shrimp in arti cially salinized water in some countries.…”

“…FCR values at low salinity can usually be higher, due to the energy expenditure that shrimp use for osmoregulation, needing to use diets with higher carbohydrate contents or application of mineral supplements (Roy and Davis 2010b). However, in the synbiotic system, the complementation with natural food has contributed to maintain the values in adequate ranges (Pimentel et al 2022;Oliveira et al 2022b).…”

PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN FILTER YANG BERBEDA PADA BUDIDAYA UDANG VANAME (Litopenaeus vaname) DENGAN SISTEM RESIRKULASI

“…Oksigen terlarut juga dibutuhkan untuk menguraikan senyawa organik menjadi senyawa anorganik. 5,5-6 mg/L oksigen terlarut dianggap ideal untuk pertumbuhan ikan (de Oliveira et al, 2022) Salinitas bisa dikatakan sebagai konsentrasi total dari semua ion yang terlarut di dalam air (de Oliveira et al, 2022). Kisaran salinitas selama pengamatan antara 24-25 ppt.…”

“…Salinitas adalah salah satu faktor pembatas bagi kehidupan akuatik. Salinitas rendah dapat menurunkan oksigen, sehingga berbahaya bagi pertumbuhan ikan (de Oliveira et al, 2022). Sebaliknya, salinitas yang terlalu tinggi juga tidak baik untuk pertumbuhan ikan (Jayanti et al, 2022).…”

Penaeus vannamei inland farming: Perspectives and opinions

“…[23][24][25][26] Dozens of authors have confirmed the ability of P. vannamei to adapt to low salinity conditions, demonstrating remarkable results in terms of growth and survival. 13,14,[27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34] As a recent example, Pimentel et al 20 and de Oliveira et al 35 demonstrated that the dilution of seawater in freshwater (salinity $2.5 g L À1 ) did not compromise the adaptation of post-larvae to these culture conditions and did not limit P. vannamei juvenile production at a high stocking density (2000 shrimp m À3 ). De Moura et al 36 found that the inclusion of 3% seawater in an intensive nursery (1000 shrimp m À3 ) provided acceptable survival (>90%), suggesting this strategy could be employed to mitigate the effects of ionic imbalance in low salinity water.…”