Effect of Iontophoresis on In Vitro Skin Permeation of an Analogue of Growth Hormone Releasing Factor in the Hairless Guinea Pig Model

Kumar, Saran; Char, Hing; Patel, Saumya; Piemontese, David; Iqbal, Khurshid; Malick, A. Waseem; Neugroschel, E.; Behl, Christian

doi:10.1002/jps.2600810709

Cited by 33 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…Although there are reports of the iontophoretic enhancement of different peptide hormones with molecular weights (MW) in the 1-6 kDa range including luteinising hormone releasing hormone (4,5), calcitonin (6,7), growth hormone releasing hormone (8), human parathyroid hormone (9) and insulin (10,11), the effect of molecular size and protein structure on iontophoretic transport has not been well characterized. For a series of fluorescently-labeled poly-L-lysines (FITC-PLLs) ranging in MW from 4 to 26 kDa, iontophoresis enhanced the penetration of the 4 kDa analog but did not have any effect on the transport of the larger 26 kDa FITC-PLL (12).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Transdermal Delivery of Cytochrome C—A 12.4 kDa Protein—Across Intact Skin by Constant–Current Iontophoresis

et al. 2007

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Transdermal Delivery of Cytochrome C—A 12.4 kDa Protein—Across Intact Skin by Constant–Current Iontophoresis

et al. 2007

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“…[37 -39] For example, growth hormone releasing factor, a 3929-mw protein, was undetectable in the receptor fluid following application to HGP skin in both 1-chambered (static) and 2-chambered diffusion cells. [39] The enhanced penetration of Hev b 1, a 14.6-kD protein, as compared to Hev b 6.02, the smaller 4.7-kD protein, may be explained in part by its highly hydrophobic nature. [23] It has been proposed that Hev b 1 serves as a carrier protein by binding to large hydrophobic molecules thereby increasing their transport across cell membranes.…”

Section: Hev B 1 and Hev B 602 Dermal Penetration 301mentioning

confidence: 99%

POPULATION DIFFERENCES IN PREVALENCE TO Hev B 1 OR Hev B 6.02 ARE NOT DEPENDENT ON DERMAL PENETRATION

Howell

Hayes

Meade

2002

Journal of Toxicology: Cutaneous and Ocular Toxicology

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Health care workers (HCW) and spina bifida (SB) patients comprise two populations, which are particularly affected by latex allergy and demonstrate different profiles of sero-reactivity to individual latex proteins, with SB patients more frequently having antibodies to Hev b 1 and 3 and HCW to Hev b 5, 6, and 7. Given that HCW have extensive dermal exposure to latex proteins through the use of latex gloves, these studies were conducted to evaluate the percutaneous penetration of Hev b 1 and Hev b 6.02 as a potential factor in the divergent antibody responses observed in HCW and SB patients. Hairless guinea pig skin was used in in vitro flow through cells for percutaneous penetration studies and for immunohistological evaluation of protein localization in the skin. Skin samples were separated into intact and abraded exposure groups based on barrier integrity as measured by a 3 H 2 O barrier test, and radioactive counts were determined for both skin and receptor fluid. Little protein penetration (less than 3%) was observed into or through intact skin samples following exposure to either protein. As expected, the degree of Cutaneous and Ocular Toxicology Downloaded from informahealthcare.com by McMaster University on 12/26/14 For personal use only.penetration through abraded samples was found to correlate significantly with the degree of abrasion for both proteins. Minimal disruption of the stratum corneum (less than 4% 3 H 2 O penetration) was required to permit up to 50% Hev b 1 penetration. This was in contrast to the relationship observed for Hev b 6.02 where abrasion resulting in greater than 8% 3 H 2 O penetration was required to permit more than 40% penetration of Hev b 6.02. Immunohistochemistry revealed Hev b 1 and Hev b 6.02 localized primarily in the stratum corneum when skin samples were intact and extending into the viable epidermis when abraded. These studies demonstrate that greater than 40% of Hev b 1 and Hev b 6.02 penetrate abraded skin with less abrasion required to achieve a higher degree of penetration with Hev b 1. Other factors including the amounts of individual proteins in latex products and physiological factors other than bioavailability through the skin must be considered in understanding the divergent antibody responses in HCW and SB patients.

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“…The smaller, and therefore more mobile, buffer ions will carry more charge and be transported into the skin preferentially, reducing delivery efficiency. Increasing the buffer ion concentration of the donor solution, thereby increasing its ionic strength, or decreasing the concentration of solute, have been found to decrease the iontophoretic flux of both charged (Burnette and Marrero, 1986;Bellantone et al, 1986;Lelawongs et al, 1989;Green et al, 1991) and neutral (Burnette and Marrero, 1986;Burnette and Ongpipattanakul, 1987;Pikal and Shah, 1990a,b) solutes at relatively high concentraltions (0.05-0.5 M), while increasing flux at low concentrations (0.01-0.05 M) (Kumar et al, 1992). Removing buffer ions results in a steadily increasing delivery rate of peptide with time (Green et al, 1991).…”

Section: Aiche Journalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transdermal delivery of peptide and protein drugs: An overview

Amsden

Goosen

1995

AIChE Journal

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Effect of Iontophoresis on In Vitro Skin Permeation of an Analogue of Growth Hormone Releasing Factor in the Hairless Guinea Pig Model

Cited by 33 publications

References 1 publication

Transdermal Delivery of Cytochrome C—A 12.4 kDa Protein—Across Intact Skin by Constant–Current Iontophoresis

Transdermal Delivery of Cytochrome C—A 12.4 kDa Protein—Across Intact Skin by Constant–Current Iontophoresis

POPULATION DIFFERENCES IN PREVALENCE TO Hev B 1 OR Hev B 6.02 ARE NOT DEPENDENT ON DERMAL PENETRATION

Transdermal delivery of peptide and protein drugs: An overview

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