Effect of iron oxide nanoparticles on fibrin gel formation and its fractal dimension

Abstract

In this paper, we studied the influence of nonmagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles on fibrin gel formation and its structure using dynamic light scattering. The surface of nanoparticles produced by a new method in acoustoplasma discharge with cavitation has specific morphology and accelerates the rate of fibrin gel formation, i.e., activates the enzyme thrombin. We studied changes in the form of autocorrelation functions of the scattered light intensity for fibrinogen-thrombin samples with different thrombin concentrations as well as the nanoparticles addition. Appearance of the power-law term in the function was an indicator of gel formation in the sample. Application of Martin’s theory allows estimating the exponent φ of power-law function and the contribution of the diffusive mode of protofibrils. We found that an increase in thrombin concentration or its activation with iron oxide nanoparticles leads to decreasing contribution of the diffusive mode, and increasing contribution of the exponent of power-law function. The values of fractal dimension Df calculated using Muthukumar’s theory are 1.61 ± 0.13 and 1.69 ± 1.11 for samples with low and high concentrations of thrombin respectively and 1.77 ± 0.08 for the sample with thrombin activated by nanoparticles. Such an increase in fractal dimension shows an increase in the complexity of the fibrin gel structure (or density).

Triple Modification of Alginate Hydrogels by Fibrin Blending, Iron Nanoparticle Embedding, and Serum Protein‐Coating Synergistically Promotes Strong Endothelialization

“…[ 18, 43 ] Furthermore, Fe‐NPs have been shown to reinforce the fibrin matrix and to enhance endothelial cell proliferation. [ 13,15,44 ]…”

“…[18,43] Furthermore, Fe-NPs have been shown to reinforce the fibrin matrix and to enhance endothelial cell proliferation. [13,15,44] On the whole, we hypothesize based on available literature that Fe-NP enriched alginate-fibrin hydrogels synergize their individual antithrombotic properties to a compound highly hemocompatible stent coating material. While alginic acid prevents acute in-stent thrombosis due to direct inhibition of platelet adhesion, fibrin and Fe-NPs enables complete endothelialization and therefore ensure long-term antithrombotic effects.…”

Technological advances in fibrin for tissue engineering

“…This increase in thrombin concentration or its activation with iron oxide nanoparticles decreases the contribution of the diffusive mode and increases the contribution of the exponent of the power-law function, thereby increasing the complexity of the fibrin gel structure. 224 Fibrin hydrogels incorporating graphene-oxide-based nanocomposites have been prepared using sol-gel methods to produce scaffolds with bone regeneration properties. The nanocomposite with graphene oxide enhanced the porous architecture of the scaffold and mimicked the natural ECM of bone tissue by providing structural integrity, controlled degradation, and osteoinductive potential.…”

“…This increase in thrombin concentration or its activation with iron oxide nanoparticles decreases the contribution of the diffusive mode and increases the contribution of the exponent of the power-law function, thereby increasing the complexity of the fibrin gel structure. 224 …”

Nanoparticles of Noble Metals on the Surface of Graphene Flakes

“…A topical research topic is producing new composite materials based on nanoparticles (Bulychev, 2019;Kirichenko et al, 2019;Wani et al, 2020). These properties are retained and even amplified when nanoparticles are located in various matrixes (Kretinin et al, 2014;Erokhin et al, 2018; (Heinsalu et al, 2019).…”