Effect of irrigation, fertiliser type and variety on grain yield and nutritional quality of spelt wheat (Triticum spelta) grown under semi-arid conditions

Wang, Juan; Barański, Marcin; Hasanaliyeva, Gultakin; Korkut, Recep; Kalee, Hassan Ashraa; Leifert, Alice; Winter, S.R.; Janovská, Dagmar; Willson, Adam; Barkla, Bronwyn J.; Iversen, Per Ole; Seal, Chris; Bilsborrow, Paul; Leifert, Carlo; Rempelos, Leonidas; Volakakis, Nikolaos

doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.129826

Cited by 16 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Correlation analyses of data from these trials showed (i) that both leaf chlorophyll and grain yield were negatively correlated with grain protein content and (ii) a weak positive correlation between stem length and protein content ( Supplementary Table S1 ). These results were consistent with previous studies that reported (i) negative correlations between grain yield and protein content and (ii) positive correlations between stem length and protein content and/or bread-making quality of wheat grain [ 1 , 6 , 32 , 33 , 37 , 38 , 57 ]. See supplementary materials for a more detailed description and discussion of results from the correlation analyses.…”

Section: Wheat Breeding/selection Objectivessupporting

confidence: 93%

“…The agronomic protocols used for organic wheat production in Northern and Southern Europe differ substantially from those used in intensive conventional production in terms of (i) tillage, (ii) rotational design, (iii) fertilization regimes and (iv) crop protection practices [ 4 , 6 , 7 , 9 , 36 , 37 , 38 ].…”

Section: Agronomic Protocols Used In Organic and Conventional Wheat P...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the main wheat growing region of Northern Europe, conventional common wheat crops ( Triticum aestivum L.) receive mineral N fertilizer inputs often in excess of 200 kg N/ha, although lower N inputs (~100 kg/ha) are usually applied to spelt wheat ( Triticum spelta L.) [ 4 , 9 , 36 , 37 , 38 ]. Substantial P (up to 110 kg P 2 O 5 /ha) and K (up to 150 kg/ha K 2 O) inputs are also applied to wheat crops, but input levels vary widely depending on the residual soil P and K levels; many conventional farmers use soil analysis and management information (e.g., soil type and previous crop and straw incorporation or removal) for decision making on P and K inputs [ 36 ].…”

Section: Agronomic Protocols Used In Organic and Conventional Wheat P...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Breeding Bread-Making Wheat Varieties for Organic Farming Systems: The Need to Target Productivity, Robustness, Resource Use Efficiency and Grain Quality Traits

Rempelos

Wang

Sufar

et al. 2023

Foods

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Agronomic protocols (rotation, tillage, fertilization and crop protection) commonly used in organic and conventional crop production differ significantly and there is evidence that modern varieties developed for conventional high-input farming systems do not have the combination of traits required for optimum performance in organic farming systems. Specifically, there is evidence that prohibition on the use of water-soluble, mineral N, P and K fertilizers and synthetic pesticide inputs in organic farming results in a need to revise both breeding and selection protocols. For organic production systems, the focus needs to be on the following: (i) traits prioritized by organic farmers such as high nutrient use efficiency from organic fertilizer inputs, competitiveness against weeds, and pest and disease resistance, (ii) processing quality parameters defined by millers and bakers and (iii) nutritional quality parameters demanded by organic consumers. In this article, we review evidence from variety trials and factorial field experiments that (i) studied to what extent there is a need for organic farming focused breeding programs, (ii) investigated which traits/trait combinations should be targeted in these breeding programs and/or (iii) compared the performance of modern varieties developed for the conventional sector with traditional/older varieties favored by organic farmers and/or new varieties developed in organic farming focused breeding programs. Our review focuses on wheat because there have been organic and/or low-input farming focused wheat breeding programs for more than 20 years in Europe, which has allowed the performance of varieties/genotypes from organic/low-input and conventional farming focused breeding programs to be compared.

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Section: Wheat Breeding/selection Objectivessupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Agronomic Protocols Used In Organic and Conventional Wheat P...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Agronomic Protocols Used In Organic and Conventional Wheat P...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Breeding Bread-Making Wheat Varieties for Organic Farming Systems: The Need to Target Productivity, Robustness, Resource Use Efficiency and Grain Quality Traits

Rempelos

Wang

Sufar

et al. 2023

Foods

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“…[26,27] and cultivation measures (variety, density, tillage and sowing methods, fertilizer management, etc.) [28][29][30][31]. In addition, temperature, moisture and physical and chemical soil properties could affect the nutrient release of SRF in soil [21,32], which contributed to the effectiveness of controlled-release urea, which varies with the coating material, cropping system, and cultivation conditions, leading to differences in the absorption and utilization of nutrients in crops and further affecting the grain yield [33][34][35].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Can Split Application of Slow-Release Fertilizer Improve Wheat Yield, Nitrogen Efficiency and Their Stability in Different Ecological Regions?

Tao

Ding

et al. 2022

Agronomy

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Environmental conditions (precipitation, temperature and soil properties) differ greatly in different regions and have dual effects on the wheat growth and nutrient release of slow-release fertilizer (SRF). Conventional fertilization methods such as the multiple-split application of urea and the one-time application of SRF may have difficulty achieving a stable and high wheat yield and nitrogen (N) efficiency in various environments. Therefore, the exploration of a rational application strategy of SRF is needed for improving wheat yield and its stability in different regions. A two-year field experiment was conducted in different regions (eight test sites per year) with five patterns: 100% N (270 kg ha−1) SRF applied pre-sowing (M1); 60% N SRF applied pre-sowing and 40% N urea applied at jointing (M2); 60% N SRF applied pre-sowing and 40% N SRF applied at re-greening (M3); M2 reducing the N rate by 15% (M4); M3 reducing the N rate by 15% (M5). The fourth-split application of urea was taken as the control (CK, 270 kg N ha−1). The results suggested that the average yield in M1 decreased by 3.65% of the CK, and the yield stability was poor. Both M2 and M3 significantly increased N efficiency, grain yield and benefit, but the stability of M3 was higher than that of M2 in different environments. Considering further improvements in wheat yield, N efficiency and profit, our results suggested that the twice-split application of SRF, which also improved the adaptability of wheat in different environments, could be recommended for wheat cultivation.

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“…Supplementary irrigation is carried out in environments with insufficient, uncertain, and unequal annual rainfall distribution (Chaganti et al, 2020) and can be considered as a way to reduce the effects of drought stress on plant growth and yield in these areas. Wang et al (2021) stated that supplementary irrigation causes a significant increase in wheat grain yield in irrigated cultivars. Yan et al (2022) stated that irrigation, especially drip irrigation (band tap), leads to saving water consumption, improving wheat plant photosynthesis, promoting dry matter accumulation, grain filling, and increasing wheat yield.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of rhizobia in improving the protective mechanisms of wheat under drought and supplementary irrigation conditions

Vafa

Sohrabi

Mirzaghaderi

et al. 2022

Front. Sustain. Food Syst.

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IntroductionWheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is a strategic crop and one of the world's most essential cereals, providing most of the world's calories and protein needs. Drought stress is one of the main limitations for crop production such as wheat in arid and semi-arid regions. Plants can accumulate antioxidants, carbohydrates, and stress hormones that stimulate cell and molecular regeneration under stress conditions. Irrigation saves water, improves crop photosynthesis, and increases plant ability to absorb water and elements from soil. Therefore, irrigation at the right time or supplementary irrigation can help plant growth and crop yield under drought conditions. Appropriate nutrition with fertilizers increases plants' stress tolerance. Bio-fertilizers are restorative elements used in soil to improve tolerance to stresses such as drought stress. A well-known class of bio-fertilizers is plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR). These rhizosphere bacteria affect plant development and productivity by interacting with roots. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) alleviate drought stress in plants by enhancing their ability to absorb water and nutrients from the soil. Seaweed extract bio-fertilizer is organic matter used to increase crop growth and soil fertility. This bio-fertilizer is utilized as growth stimulants and food supplements. Our research analyzed the effects of rhizobia and seaweed extracts on wheat's drought resistance mechanisms.Materials and methodsThis research was conducted in Iran in the crop years of 2017–2018 and 2018–2019 in the research farm of Kurdistan University Faculty of Agriculture located in Dehgolan with coordinates 47°18′ 55″ East and 35°19′ 10″ North with an altitude of 1866 meters above sea level, 45 kilometers east It was done on the wheat plant in Sanandaj city. The experiment was conducted in the form of a split-split plot in the form of a randomized complete block design with four replications. Irrigation treatments as the main factor (no irrigation or dry-land, one irrigation in the booting stage, two irrigations in the booting and spike stages), two wheat cultivars (Sardari and Sirvan) as secondary factors, and the application of biological fertilizers at eight levels including Mycorrhiza + Nitrozist and Phosphozist, Seaweed extract + Nitrozist and Phosphozist, Mycorrhiza + Seaweed extract, Mycorrhiza + Nitrozist and Phosphozist and no application of biological fertilizers (control) as Sub-sub-factors were considered.Results and discussionAccording to the study, when bio-fertilizer was applied with once and twice supplementary irrigation levels, leaf relative water content (RWC) and soluble protein content (SPC) increased, while lack of irrigation increased malondialdehyde (MDA). In both years, bio-fertilizers, especially their combinations, increased the amount and activity of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants, including peroxidase (POD), superoxide dismutase (SOD), phenol (Phe), flavonoid (Fla), and anthocyanin (Anth). Also, it enhanced the inhibition of free radicals by 2-2-Diphenyl picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) and cleared active oxygen species. It was found that malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were very low in wheat under two times irrigation with averages of 3.3909 and 3.3865 μmol g−1 FW. The results indicated a significant positive relationship between non-enzymatic and enzymatic antioxidants such as Phe, Fla, Anth, DPPH, POD, and SOD enzymes and their role in improving stress under dry-land conditions, especially in the Sardari variety. Biological fertilizers (Mycorrhiza + Nitrozist and Phosphozist + Seaweed extract) increased wheat yield compared to the control. Furthermore, Mycorrhiza + Nitrozist and Phosphozist + Seaweed extract improved grain yield by 8.04% and 6.96% in the 1st and 2nd years, respectively. Therefore, appropriate combinations of microorganisms, beneficial biological compounds, and supplementary irrigation can reduce the adverse effects of drought stress in arid and semi-arid regions.

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Effect of irrigation, fertiliser type and variety on grain yield and nutritional quality of spelt wheat (Triticum spelta) grown under semi-arid conditions

Cited by 16 publications

References 28 publications

Breeding Bread-Making Wheat Varieties for Organic Farming Systems: The Need to Target Productivity, Robustness, Resource Use Efficiency and Grain Quality Traits

Breeding Bread-Making Wheat Varieties for Organic Farming Systems: The Need to Target Productivity, Robustness, Resource Use Efficiency and Grain Quality Traits

Can Split Application of Slow-Release Fertilizer Improve Wheat Yield, Nitrogen Efficiency and Their Stability in Different Ecological Regions?

The effect of rhizobia in improving the protective mechanisms of wheat under drought and supplementary irrigation conditions

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