Effect of L‐Carnitine on Skeletal Muscle Lipids and Oxidative Stress in Rats Fed High‐Fructose Diet

Abstract

There is evidence that high-fructose diet induces insulin resistance, alterations in lipid metabolism, and oxidative stress in rat tissues. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of L-carnitine (CAR) on lipid accumulation and peroxidative damage in skeletal muscle of rats fed high-fructose diet. Fructose-fed animals (60 g/100 g diet) displayed decreased glucose/insulin (G/I) ratio and insulin sensitivity index (ISI0,120) indicating the development of insulin resistance. Rats showed alterations in the levels of triglycerides, free fatty acids, cholesterol, and phospholipids in skeletal muscle. The condition was associated with oxidative stress as evidenced by the accumulation of lipid peroxidation products, protein carbonyls, and aldehydes along with depletion of both enzymic and nonenzymic antioxidants. Simultaneous intraperitoneal administration of CAR (300 mg/kg/day) to fructose-fed rats alleviated the effects of fructose. These rats showed near-normal levels of the parameters studied. The effects of CAR in this model suggest that CAR supplementation may have some benefits in patients suffering from insulin resistance.

Impact of L-Carnitine and Cinnamon on Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1 and Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase Gene Expression in Heart and Brain of Insulin Resistant Rats

“…Carnitine is supplied to the body through dietary sources (e.g., meat and dairy products) and by biosynthesis from lysine and methionine. Carnitine transports long chain fatty acids across the inner mitochondrial membrane into the matrix for β-oxidation and has effects on oxidative metabolism of glucose in tissues (Rajasekar and Anuradha, 2007).…”

Appraisement function of Coenzyme Q10 on body weight changes blood serum biochemical parameters in resembling type 2 diabetic male rats

“…One of the other important roles of CoQ10 is inhibit certain enzymes that plays in formation of free radicals and so attenuates oxidative stress (Moazen et al, 2015, Noh et al, 2013, Olatunji and Soladoye, 2007Huang et al, 2004). Feeding fructose or sucrose can provide model of hyperlipidemia, hyperglycemia and insulin resistance (Olatunji and Soladoye, 2007;Huang et al, 2004;Rajasekar and Anuradha, 2007;Thorburn, 1989). This research conducted to investigate how CoQ10 can improve the antioxidant defense system and decrease of abnormalities in carbohydrate, protein and lipids metabolism in rat.…”

Effects of oral L-carnitine and DL-carnitine supplementation on alloxan-diabetic rats

“…It is synthesized in the body from the lysine and methionine (Leibovitz and Mueller 1993). Several clinical conditions of carnitine deficiency have been described, including the genetic deficiency of Lcarnitine, hemodialysis, muscular and liver disorders, kidney and cardiovascular diseases and diabetes mellitus (Proulx et al 1997;Feng et al 2001;Hong et al 2002;Bellinghieri et al 2003;Karlic and Lohninger 2004;Llias et al 2004;Guarnieri et al 2007;Rajasekar and Anuradha 2007;Cha 2008;Bernard et al 2008). When there is deficiency of LC, a common feature appears to be the increased serum concentration of triacylglycerol (Famularo et al 1993;Malaguarnera et al 1999;Bellinghieri et al 2003;Tanaka et al 2004).…”

“…When there is deficiency of LC, a common feature appears to be the increased serum concentration of triacylglycerol (Famularo et al 1993;Malaguarnera et al 1999;Bellinghieri et al 2003;Tanaka et al 2004). Therefore, a relevant aspect of the LC supplementation is a lipid-lowering effect observed in the experimental animals (Brady et al 1986;Bell et al 1987;Maccari et al 1987;Feng et al 2001;Hong et al 2002;Rajasekar and Anuradha 2007) and human (Bellinghieri et al 2003;Llias et al 2004;Guarnieri et al 2007;Cha 2008;Bernard et al 2008). On the other hand, diabetes promotes carnitine deficiency (Mamoulakis et al 2004) and increased blood triacylglycerol (Siqueira et al 2006).…”