Effect of laser on TNF-alpha expression in inflamed human gingival tissue

Abstract

This study sought to evaluate the effect of low-level laser treatment combined with scaling and root planing (SRP) on gingival tissue levels of TNF-alpha in subjects with periodontal disease. Eighty gingival papilla biopsy samples were obtained from 60 patients diagnosed with chronic advanced periodontitis; randomly assigned to three treatment groups (n = 20), as well as 20 subjects with no periodontal disease (group A). Group B received SRP on a single quadrant/day for four consecutive days. On day 5, all quadrants were rescaled. Groups C and D received the same treatment as group B plus laser application with the low-level diode laser (630-670 nm, 1.875 J/cm(2)) for five and ten consecutive days, respectively. Papilla biopsies were obtained from subjects and evaluated by ELISA for levels of TNF-alpha. The values in the control group were 5.2 ± 3.21 pg/mg and baseline values for the examined groups were 46.01 ± 16.69. Significantly decreased level of TNF-alpha for groups C and D was found after treatment, while group B demonstrated reduction of TNF-alpha of 31.34%. The results of this study show suppression of TNF-alpha in gingival tissue after low-level laser treatment as adjunct to SRP. Data may suggest beneficial anti-inflammatory effects of the laser treatment when used as adjunctive periodontal treatment.

The effectiveness of low‐level laser therapy as an adjunct to non‐surgical periodontal treatment: a meta‐analysis

“…An additional 61 studies were excluded after scanning the full text (inter‐reviewer agreement, κ = 0.93). Thus, the entire procedure resulted in the inclusion of eight publications (seven RCTs) involving 180 participants from seven countries in the qualitative review .…”

“…The study characteristics and laser parameters are displayed in Tables and , respectively. Three of the seven RCTs included in this study adopted a parallel‐arm design , and the rest used a split‐mouth design . There was great variation in the number of participants enrolled in each study (10–60).…”

“…Although all participants were diagnosed with chronic periodontitis, different criteria were used at recruitment. Six of the studies included patients with moderate to advanced chronic periodontitis , whereas one study recruited patients with mild chronic periodontitis . Most of the studies applied PPD as an inclusion criterion, with thresholds of 4–6 mm , ≤ 7 mm , 4–10 mm and ≥ 5 mm .…”

“…Mechanical debridement, including supragingival and/or subgingival SRP combined with instruction on oral hygiene was performed for all participants as their initial periodontal treatment in a single or multiple sessions . A diode laser with a wavelength ranging from 630 to 830 nm was used in most studies.…”

“…However, there are differences in the results of the clinical trials that have investigated the additional benefits of LLLT in non‐surgical periodontal treatment . Qadri et al .…”