Effect of lateral tension and compression on plane strain flattening processes of surface asperities lying over a plastically deformable bulk

Finite element modelling of the evolution of surface pits in metal forming processes

“…The most severe plastic deformation is underneath the contacts, while the region under the pit is still elastic. These results are similar to the slip-line field results of Sutcliffe [7] and the finite element results of Korzekwa et al [14] and Makinouchi et al [12,13].…”

“…Makinouchi et al [12,13] developed a finite element model to investigate the flattening of surface asperities under plane-strain compression taking into account elastic and plastic deformation in the underlying bulk material. Strain hardening of the material was also considered.…”

Nanoscopic surface texture formed by indentation and sliding of a smooth wedge tool

“…This process of 'nanoscopic local flattening' involves the microscopic flattening of surface microasperities. Numerical analyses using an elastic-plastic finite element code [4] predict that laterally free flattening proceeds under lesser loads than laterally constrained flattening. This is because bulk-plasticity promotes uniform shrinkage of the material under the displaced asperity.…”

Experimental and theoretical investigation of the asperity flattening process under large bulk strain

“…Makinouchi et al [17] have developed an elastic-plastic finite-element code for the flattening of three transverse asperities. Ike and Makinouchi [18] extended their works to fiveasperity model and infinite-asperity model. The effect of lateral tension and compression was analysed.…”