Effect of leaching and aging on the bioavailability of lead to the springtail <i>Folsomia candida</i>

Lock, Koen; Waegeneers, Nadia; Smolders, Erik; Criel, Peggy; Eeckhout, Hilde Van; Janssen, Colin R.

doi:10.1897/05-612r.1

Cited by 47 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…As suggested by some authors (Lock et al 2006;Oorts et al 2007), leaching obviously removed the "excess" salts including [Ni] at higher Ni doses (see Fig. 1).…”

Section: Leaching Effect On Ni Concentration and Ec50 In Soilssupporting

confidence: 67%

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Leaching impacts Ni toxicity differently among soils but increases its predictability according to nitrification assay

Huang

et al. 2009

J Soils Sediments

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Purpose Deriving toxicity thresholds through bioassays has become the scientific basis for the risk assessment of metal contamination in soils, but few studies have been reported for Ni toxicity in Chinese soils. In addition, although leaching has been recommended to increase the ecological relevance of the output of soil toxicity bioassays, its impacts on Ni threshold and soil solutions in soils remained to be shown. Therefore, in this study, 17 soils were collected throughout China and were assessed for Ni toxicity using substrate-induced nitrification (SIN) assay for both un-leached and leached treatments. Meanwhile, soil solutions of all Ni treatments were extracted and analyzed. This study provides information for the development of a terrestrial biotic ligand model (TBLM) for Ni in Chinese soils.Materials and methods Soils were artificially amended with NiCl 2 solution to generate nominal Ni contamination levels, and aliquot of each Ni treatment was leached with artificial rain to prepare leached soil samples. All the 17 unleached and the 17 leached soils were subjected to the standard SIN protocol. A total of 816 microcosm tubes were established. Soil solution was extracted, and the solution physiochemical properties were analyzed for each Ni treatments. Both the total-Ni-based and the solution-Nibased median effective concentrations (EC50) in unleached soils and leached soils were calculated from dose-response curves. Free-Ni 2+ -based EC50 was also calculated based on solution chemical properties. Leaching effect was assessed based on these results. Results and discussion Ni EC50 varied largely among soils for both the total-Ni-based and the solution-Ni-based EC50 in un-leached soils. In un-leached soils, the total-Ni-based EC50 values ranged from 52.8 mg kg −1 (Hulunber soil) to 2,385.4 mg kg −1 (Wulumuqi soil), and the solution-Nibased EC50 ranged from 0.70 mg L −1 (Jiaxing soil) to 293.35 mg L −1 (Wulumuqi soil). Stepwise multiple regressions showed that soil pH and total Ca were the best predictors for the total-Ni-based EC50. Protective effects of Ca 2+ and Mg 2+ but not H + against Ni toxicity in soil solution were found. Leaching impacted Ni EC50 differently among soils, with leaching factor ranging from 0.2 (Haikou soil) to 19.7 (Hulunber soil) for the total-Ni-based EC50 and from 0.1 (Dezhou soil) to 35.7 (Jiaxing soil) for the solution-Ni-based EC50. In addition, predictability of Ni EC50 was higher in leached soils. The variations in Ni EC50 were in agreement with the findings in previous studies. Soil pH and Ca may play important roles in the partition of Ni in Chinese soils and thus impact the Ni toxicity. Protective effects of Ca 2+ and Mg 2+ in soil solutions against Ni toxicity may exist, but the role of H +

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“…As suggested by some authors (Lock et al 2006;Oorts et al 2007), leaching obviously removed the "excess" salts including [Ni] at higher Ni doses (see Fig. 1).…”

Section: Leaching Effect On Ni Concentration and Ec50 In Soilssupporting

confidence: 67%

“…In addition, leaching has been recommended to increase the ecological relevance of the output of soil toxicity bioassays (Lock et al 2006;Oorts et al 2007). Yet, that how leaching affects Ni-amended soil solution and Ni EC50 in soils remains unrevealed on a larger scale before leaching is used as a standard protocol in soil toxicity assay.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leaching impacts Ni toxicity differently among soils but increases its predictability according to nitrification assay

Huang

et al. 2009

J Soils Sediments

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“…An EC50 of 2970 mg/kg dw was reported for the effect of Pb on the reproduction of collembolans after 28 days exposure [34], and no offspring was produced by Paronychiurus kimi at 3000 mg/kg dw [35]. Lock et al [36] found that Pb concentrations of 3877 mg/kg dw or higher always caused a significant decrease in collembolan reproduction. On the other hand, Menta et al [30] reported an evidently negative effect on collembolan reproduction by Pb already at 1000 mg/kg dw.…”

Section: Reproduction Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of the bioavailability and toxicity of lead polluted soils using a combination of chemical approaches and bioassays with the collembolan Folsomia candida

Luo

Verweij

Gestel

2014

Journal of Hazardous Materials

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h i g h l i g h t s• Soils from different landscapes of a shooting range are examined.• Bioavailability of Pb varies with soil properties especially, pH and OM.• Collembolan reproduction was more sensitive to pH than to Pb in soils.• Collembolans avoided acid Pb contaminated soils. a r t i c l e i n f o a b s t r a c tUnderstanding bioavailability and toxicity is essential for effective ecological assessment of contaminated soils. Total, water and 0.01 M CaCl 2 extractable and porewater Pb concentrations and soil properties in different shooting field soils were investigated. Three artificial soils containing different pH and organic matter contents and two natural soils were included as controls. Survival, reproduction and avoidance responses of Folsomia candida exposed to these soils as well as internal Pb concentrations were measured. In the shooting range soils, total Pb concentrations were 47-2398 mg/kg dw, pH CaCl 2 3.2-6.8 and organic matter content 3.8-7.0%. Pb concentrations in F. candida linearly increased with increasing Pb concentrations in the soils. Acid forest soils caused significantly higher collembolan mortality and avoidance responses and significantly lower reproduction than the neutral grassland soils, which could be attributed to differences in pH and especially CaCl 2 extractable Pb concentrations. Soil properties significantly affected bioavailability and toxicity of Pb, but overall the collembolans seemed more sensitive to pH than to Pb in soils. This study shows the importance of selecting proper reference soils for assessing the effects of field soils.

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“…The majority of metals in natural soils at contaminated sites will be present as solids which are not bioavailable (Davies et al, 2003b). As a consequence, metal toxicity is generally less pronounced in metal-contaminated field soils than in soils freshly spiked with metal salts at similar total metal concentrations (Lock et al, 2006). It is difficult to interpret toxicological parameters derived from field studies due to co-contamination and variations in soil properties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determining the bioavailability and toxicity of lead contamination to earthworms requires using a combination of physicochemical and biological methods

Luo

Verweij

Gestel

2014

Environmental Pollution

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a b s t r a c tThis study aimed at assessing the bioavailability and toxicity of lead to Eisenia andrei in shooting range soils representing different land uses (forest, grassland, bullet plot). Soils contained 47e2398 mg Pb/kg dry weight (dw), but also had different pH-CaCl 2 (3.2e6.8) and organic matter contents (3.8e13%). Therefore artificial soils with different pH and organic matter contents and two natural soils were included as control soils. Earthworms were exposed for 28 days and toxicity and uptake of Pb were related to total, water and 0.01 M CaCl 2 extractable and porewater Pb concentrations as well as to soil characteristics. Pb uptake in the earthworms linearly increased with increasing soil concentrations. At >2000 mg Pb/kg dw and pH 3.3e3.5, high earthworm mortality with significant weight loss and complete inhibition of reproduction were recorded. At <1000 mg/kg dw, earthworm reproduction was more related to differences in pH and other soil characteristics than to Pb.

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Effect of leaching and aging on the bioavailability of lead to the springtail Folsomia candida

Cited by 47 publications

References 16 publications

Leaching impacts Ni toxicity differently among soils but increases its predictability according to nitrification assay

Leaching impacts Ni toxicity differently among soils but increases its predictability according to nitrification assay

Assessment of the bioavailability and toxicity of lead polluted soils using a combination of chemical approaches and bioassays with the collembolan Folsomia candida

Determining the bioavailability and toxicity of lead contamination to earthworms requires using a combination of physicochemical and biological methods

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