Effect of Limosilactobacillus reuteri LRE02–Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus LR04 Combination on Antibiotic-Associated Diarrhea in a Pediatric Population: A National Survey

Abstract

Probiotics are living microorganisms, which, upon oral ingestion, may prevent antibiotic-associated diarrhea (AAD) through the normalization of an unbalanced gastrointestinal flora. The objective of this study was to evaluate the benefits of a probiotic combination (Limosilactibacillus reuteri LRE02-DSM 23878 and Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus LR04-DSM 16605) on the prevention of AAD in an outpatient pediatric setting. Questionnaires were delivered to pediatricians by each patient/parent during the visits after antibiotics and probiotics treatment to monitor physiological parameters. The primary outcome of both groups (probiotics and no probiotics treated) was the evaluation of the prevalence of AAD between the two groups. Evaluation of stool consistency using the Bristol Stool Scale (BSS) score was performed, as well as the evaluation of AAD duration, frequencies of daily evacuation, and the beginning of diarrhea and weight loss during AAD in both groups and related to antibiotic categories. Results indicated that probiotics, at the recommended dosage of 1.2 × 109 CFU (Colony Forming Unit) per day for 30 days, are associated with lower rates of AAD and a decreased number of days with diarrhea, independent of the type of antibiotic used. Moreover, the use of probiotics resulted in a normal stool consistency in a shorter time period, as evaluated by the BSS.

Mobile Antimicrobial Resistance Genes in Probiotics

“…Bacterial genera identified in the metagenomic samples also appear in many probiotic related articles of the current international literature. Various species of Bacilli , Bifidobacteria , Enterococci , Lacticaseibacilli , Lactiplantibacilli , Lactobacilli , Lactococci , Ligilactobacilli , Limosilactobacilli and Streptococci are the core members of commercial probiotic bacterial communities [ 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 ]. Two identified bacterial genera ( Sphingobacterium , Weizmannia ) in the various samples are less frequent probiotic components.…”

Mobile antimicrobial resistance genes in probiotics

“…Various species of Bacilli, Bifidobacteria, Enterococci, Lacticaseibacilli, Lactiplantibacilli, Lactobacilli, Lactococci, Ligilactobacilli, Limosilactobacilli and Streptococci are the core members of commercial probiotic bacterial communities. [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20] Two identified bacterial genera (Sphingobacterium, Weizmannia) in the various samples are less frequent probiotic components. The possibility of exploiting Sphingobacteria in probiotic foods was previously mentioned based on the characterization of flour and batter samples of sorghum and pearl millet.…”

Diarrea da antibiotico e probiotici: un matrimonio di scarsa utilità clinica. I risultati di un RCT

“…Nel gruppo intervento la diarrea si è verificata 1.7 giorni dopo il trattamento, mentre nel gruppo controllo dopo 2.1 giorni (p<0.0001); il numero di giorni con diarrea (2.8 ± 1.3 giorni) era significativamente inferiore (3.2 ± 1.4 giorni) (p<0.001) e il numero di feci al giorno era simile tra i due gruppi (3.5 ± 1.8 vs 3.5 ± 1.2 rispettivamente nei due gruppi). Le principali debolezze dello studio sono la mancanza di perdita di pazienti al follow-up (evento eccezionale per periodo di osservazione di 30 giorni) e la mancanza di descrizione della randomizzazione [4]. 127 genitori di bambini afferenti in un ospedale di III livello e 45 pediatri dello stesso ospedale sono stati intervistati per comprendere la loro opinione sui risultati più importanti sugli studi clinici sulla AAD.…”