Effect of Local Conjugated Estrogens on Vaginal pH in Elderly Women

Maloney, C; Oliver, Mary Lou

doi:10.1097/00130535-200103000-00001

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…The results obtained in the conducted studies indicate the highest effectiveness of topical therapy in stimulating oestrogen receptors present in the epithelium of vaginal mucous membrane. The effect of topical treatment on pH change in the vagina was also confirmed by Maloney et al [ 13 ], who investigated 258 postmenopausal women subjected to 12-week vaginal oestrogen therapy. As early as after six weeks the vaginal pH decreased from 7.41 to 6.8.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 55%

Immunohistochemical evaluation of oestrogen receptors α and β in epithelium of the vaginal mucous membrane in women after oestrogen therapy

Sawczuk

Gołębiewska

Mazurek

et al. 2017

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Oestrogens act on target cells through α and β receptors (ERα and ERβ). Expression of oestrogen receptors is associated with the age and menopausal condition of women.The aim of the study was an immunohistochemical evaluation of ERα and ERβ receptors in epithelium of the vaginal mucous membrane of women subjected to different forms of hormonal therapy (HTM).Oestrogen receptors ERα and ERβ were identified using immunohistochemical methods and evaluated in smears of vaginal mucous membranes collected from 60 patients subjected to HTM (including 20 patients after oral therapy, 20 patients after transdermal therapy, and 20 patients after vaginal therapy). The results showed a significant change in immunoreactivity of both studied receptors after three months of hormone therapy. The biggest differences in the changes of intensity of ERα and ERβ reactions were observed in patients subjected to vaginal therapy. Immunostaining for α receptor showed differences between three types of hormone therapy. The highest increase in the overall intensity occurred after three months of topical therapy. Immunostaining for Erβ also varied for different types of hormone therapy.The results indicate that hormone therapy administered vaginally is the most effective in the treatment of urogenital ailments during menopause. In addition, topical therapy eliminates adverse effects of systemic oestrogen.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 55%

Immunohistochemical evaluation of oestrogen receptors α and β in epithelium of the vaginal mucous membrane in women after oestrogen therapy

Sawczuk

Gołębiewska

Mazurek

et al. 2017

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“…Body in ammation levels can affect female sexual function through different mechanisms. Cytokines have a strong effect on the central nervous system and speci c areas related to sexual processes, such as the mesolimbic reward system, thalamus, and cingulate cortex [49,50], directly [51,52] and indirectly by interactions with neurotransmitters [53]. Animal studies have also shown the reducing effect of pro-in ammatory cytokines on sexual interest in female rats [54,55].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of predictive effect of the dietary inflammatory index and empirically derived food-based dietary inflammatory index on the menopause-specific quality of life and its complications.

Haghshenas

Baharanchi

Melekoğlu

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Introduction: Menopause, defined as the cessation of menstruation for at least 12 months, is one of the important stages of a woman's life cycle. Some hormonal variations occur during the transition to menopause, which affects women’s quality of life. Recently, the role of dietary factors in alleviating symptoms has been investigated. Aim of this study: We tried to investigate the relationship between dietary inflammatory index (DII), food-based dietary inflammatory index (FDII) and quality of life, and menopausal symptoms, comparing their predictive power and suggesting the best cut-off point. Methodology: 149 postmenopausal women were included in the cross-sectional study. After collecting data by interview, the desired variables were calculated. Logistic regression and ROC curves were used to investigate the relationship and predictive power of DII and FDII with menopausal symptoms. Findings: We observed that both DII and FDII were significantly associated with the severity of sexual symptoms. The first tertile of DII (OR = 0.252, P-value = 0.002) and FDII (OR = 0.316, P-value = 0.014) had a significantly lower odds ratio for severe to moderate symptoms compared to the third tertile. Both inflammatory indices had significant predictive power in predicting the probability of having severe to moderate poor quality of life (FDII (p-value = 0.004) > DII (p-value = 0.006)) and sexual symptoms (DII (p-value = 0.002) > FDII (p-value = 0.003)). Also, regarding the physical subtype, only FDII (p-value = 0.002) results were significant. Conclusion Both dietary inflammatory indices appear to be suitable for predicting quality of life, but FDII had slightly more predictive power. It seems that the quality of life and severity of menopausal symptoms may be improved, particularly with regard to sexual symptoms, by following an anti-inflammatory diet.

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“…The easiness of formation of such disulfisde bond depends on pH of the environment as well. In elderly women, due to deficiency of estrogen the vaginal pH results into more basic environment that may promote the formation of disulfide bond in E. coli cell (11,12). Ageing associating enhanced inflammation, pathogen-dependent tissue destruction, or accelerated cellular ageing may be contributing factors for the occurrence of UTI in the elderly population where E. coli manages to be the most common uropathogen.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Oxidative Stress on Glutathione Reductase Activity of Escherichia coli Clinical Isolates from Patients with Urinary Tract Infection

Chowdhury¹,

Et²

2017

J Immunol Clin Microbiol

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Background: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is frequently encountered by female population where the episode of occurrence increases with advancing age. Escherichia coli, a common UTI causing organism, retains glutathione defense mechanisms that may allow the organism to withstand host oxidative immune response as well as the harsh physiological environment of urinary tract. The aim of this study was to analyze glutathione reductase (GR) activity of UTI causing E. coli under stressful condition. Material and Methods: E. coli isolates from urine samples of UTI female patients of different ages were sampled. Samples of isolated E. coli were grown in conditions with and without oxidative stress where the stressful condition was induced by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). In both conditions measurement of reduced glutathione level of the isolates was performed calorimetrically using microplate reader assay. Results: Samples from elderly patients showed that GSH level significantly altered, the value of GSH (mM/mg) are 5.01±0.48 and 5.20±0.64 in normal and under stressful condition respectively, which showed increase of GSH level by 3.83% (p = 0.024) under oxidative stress condition. On the other hand, in case of adult patients, GSH (mM/mg) level found to be decreased by 5.11% (p = 0.011) with the values of 5.08±0.1 and 4.82±0.18 respectively for normal and stressed condition. Conclusion: Our data suggesting an association of GR activity with patient's age, may signify that E. coli isolates respond differently to oxidative stressful environment in different age-related physiological changes and could help to uncover ways to gain better insight into E. coli pathogenesis of UTI predominance in aged population.

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Effect of Local Conjugated Estrogens on Vaginal pH in Elderly Women

Abstract: Low-dose CEVC for 6 and 12 weeks reduces vaginal pH in older women residing in long-term care facilities. The decreased vaginal pH following short-term treatment with topical estrogens may reduce the incidence of recurrent UTIs.

Cited by 3 publications

References 16 publications

Immunohistochemical evaluation of oestrogen receptors α and β in epithelium of the vaginal mucous membrane in women after oestrogen therapy

Immunohistochemical evaluation of oestrogen receptors α and β in epithelium of the vaginal mucous membrane in women after oestrogen therapy

Comparison of predictive effect of the dietary inflammatory index and empirically derived food-based dietary inflammatory index on the menopause-specific quality of life and its complications.

Effect of Oxidative Stress on Glutathione Reductase Activity of Escherichia coli Clinical Isolates from Patients with Urinary Tract Infection

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