Effect of Long-Acting OROS Methylphenidate on Routine Driving in Young Adults With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Cox, Daniel J.; Mikami, Amori Yee; Cox, Brian S.; Coleman, Margaret Taylor; Mahmood, Aamir; Sood, Ajay; Moore, Melissa; Burket, Roger C.; Merkel, R. Lawrence

doi:10.1001/archpedi.162.8.793

Cited by 11 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Many disorders can be treated effectively, so that well-managed patients could have outcomes similar to the population average [78],[79]. This study, as well, has no at-fault data so an alternative interpretation might be that such disorders merely impair a person's ability to avoid a mishap initiated by someone else.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Road Trauma in Teenage Male Youth with Childhood Disruptive Behavior Disorders: A Population Based Analysis

Redelmeier

Chan

2010

PLoS Med

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Road Trauma in Teenage Male Youth with Childhood Disruptive Behavior Disorders: A Population Based Analysis

Redelmeier

Chan

2010

PLoS Med

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“… a Aduen et al (2015) ; Based on Barkley et al ( 1993 , 1996 , 2002 ); Beck et al ( 1996 ); Biederman et al ( 2006 ); Chang et al ( 2014 ); Cox et al ( 2000 ); Fischer et al ( 2007 ); Fried et al ( 2006 ); Jerome et al ( 2006 ); Koisaari et al ( 2015 ); Murphy and Barkley ( 1996 ); NadaRaja et al ( 1997 ); Narad et al ( 2015 ); Richards et al ( 2002 , 2006 ); Safiri et al ( 2013 ); Sobanski et al ( 2008 ); Swenson et al ( 2004 ); Thompson et al ( 2007 ); Weiss et al ( 1979 ); Woodward et al ( 2000 ) b Based on Barkley et al ( 1996 , 2002 , 2005 , 2006 , 2007 ); Biederman et al ( 2007 , 2012a ); Classen et al ( 2013 ); Cox et al ( 2000 , 2004b , 2006a , b ); Fischer et al ( 2007 ); Groom et al ( 2015 ); Kay et al ( 2009 ); Knouse et al ( 2005 ); Michaelis et al ( 2012 ), Monahan et al ( 2013 ); Narad et al ( 2013 ); Oliver et al ( 2012 ); Reimer et al (2007 , 2010 ); Weafer et al ( 2008 ) c Based on Cox et al ( 2004a , 2008a , b , 2012 ); Fabiano et al ( …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…c Based on Cox et al ( 2004a , 2008a , b , 2012 ); Fabiano et al ( 2011 ); Fischer et al ( 2007 ); Markham et al ( 2013 ); Merkel et al ( 2013 ); Sobanski et al ( 2013 ); Verster and Cox ( 2008 ); Verster et al ( 2008 )…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Driving and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

et al. 2015

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Adults with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) suffer from various impairments of cognitive, emotional and social functioning, which can have considerable consequences for many areas of daily living. One of those areas is driving a vehicle. Driving is an important activity of everyday life and requires an efficient interplay between multiple cognitive, perceptual, and motor skills. In the present study, a selective review of the literature on driving-related difficulties associated with ADHD is performed, seeking to answer whether individuals with ADHD show increased levels of unsafe driving behaviours, which cognitive (dys)functions of individuals with ADHD are related to driving difficulty, and whether pharmacological treatment significantly improves the driving behaviour of individuals with ADHD. The available research provides convincing evidence that individuals with ADHD have different and more adverse driving outcomes than individuals without the condition. However, it appears that not all individuals with ADHD are affected uniformly. Despite various cognitive functions being related with driving difficulties, these functions do not appear helpful in detecting high risk drivers with ADHD, nor in predicting driving outcomes in individuals with ADHD, since impairments in these functions are defining criteria for the diagnoses of ADHD (e.g., inattention and impulsivity). Pharmacological treatment of ADHD, in particular stimulant drug treatment, appears to be beneficial to the driving difficulties experienced by individuals with ADHD. However, additional research is needed, in particular further studies that address the numerous methodological weaknesses of many of the previous studies.

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“…In the month before the MTS condition, participants went through a titration period where they started on the lowest dose of medication (10 mg) for approximately 1 week and then progressively moved to higher doses (15,20, and 30 mg) at weekly intervals. Participants were asked to record their daytime ADHD symptoms and any adverse events on a handheld computer at supper and record evening symptoms at bedtime.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-Acting Methylphenidate Reduces Collision Rates of Young Adult Drivers With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Cox

Davis²,

Mikami³

et al. 2012

Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology

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This study investigated whether methylphenidate delivered through a long-acting transdermal system (MTS) would reduce collision rates of young adult drivers with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).Seventeen young adults completing the study (mean [SD] age, 20.82 [2.40] years; 14 men and 13 white) met the following inclusion criteria: ADHD diagnoses but not routinely taking ADHD medication, previously responsive to ADHD medication, active drivers with more than 1 collision or citation in the past 2 years, and no significant comorbidities. In this open-labeled, crossover design drivers were randomly assigned either to the no-medication condition for 3 months and then MTS for 3 months or to the reverse sequence. In-car video monitoring of routine driving occurred during these 6 months. At baseline and after each condition, participants completed the Conners Adult ADHD Rating Scale and the Cox Assessment of Risky Driving Scale, and their blood pressure, heart rate, and body weight were monitored.Compared with the no-medication condition, participants in the MTS condition self-reported fewer total ADHD (P < 0.04) and inattentive symptoms (P = 0.014) and a trend for risky driving behaviors (P = 0.059) and had fewer video-recorded collisions (P < 0.005) and other problematic driving events. There were no significant changes in blood pressure, heart rate, or body weight across conditions or any significant skin reactions to the MTS patch.This is the first study demonstrating that long-acting methylphenidate improves activities of daily living among young adults with ADHD. Specifically, methylphenidate improved safety in routine driving while reducing ADHD symptoms with minimal adverse effects.

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Effect of Long-Acting OROS Methylphenidate on Routine Driving in Young Adults With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Abstract: Young drivers with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), because of their inattention and impulsivity, have more vehicular collisions, citations, and related injuries than drivers without ADHD.

Cited by 11 publications

References 3 publications

Road Trauma in Teenage Male Youth with Childhood Disruptive Behavior Disorders: A Population Based Analysis

Road Trauma in Teenage Male Youth with Childhood Disruptive Behavior Disorders: A Population Based Analysis

Driving and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

Long-Acting Methylphenidate Reduces Collision Rates of Young Adult Drivers With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

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