Effect of Lure Combination on Fruit Fly Surveillance Sensitivity

Abstract

Surveillance for invading insect pests is costly and the trapper usually finds the traps empty of the target pest. Since the successful establishment of new pests is an uncommon event, multiple lures placed into one trap might increase the efficiency of the surveillance system. We investigated the effect of the combination of the Tephritidae male lures – trimedlure, cuelure, raspberry ketone and methyl eugenol – on catch of Ceratitis capitata , Zeugodacus cucurbitae , Bactrocera tryoni , B . dorsalis , B . aquilonis and B . tenuifascia in Australia and the USA (not all species are present in each country). The increase in trap density required to offset any reduction in catch due to the presence of lures for other Tephritidae was estimated. The effect of increasing trap density to maintain surveillance sensitivity was modelled for a hypothetical population of B . tryoni males, where the effective sampling area of cuelure traps for this species has been estimated. The 3-way combination significantly reduced the catch of the methyl eugenol-responsive B . dorsalis . Unexpectedly, we found that trimedlure-baited traps that contained methyl eugenol had ×3.1 lower catch of C . capitata than in trimedlure-only-baited traps in Australia, but not in Hawaii where no difference in catch was observed, we cannot satisfactorily explain this result. Based on the data presented here and from previous research, combinations of some male lures for the early detection of tephritid flies appear compatible and where there is any reduction in surveillance sensitivity observed, this can be offset by increasing the density of traps in the area.

Weathering of Methyl Eugenol Solid Dispensers: Effects on Residual Amount, Release Rate, and Field Capture of Bactrocera dorsalis Males (Diptera: Tephritidae)

“…In addition, earlier work typically used trap/lure dispenser/ toxicant combinations that differed greatly from the specific combination being appraised as the program-wide replacement for liquid methyl eugenol. Briefly, previous research often used wafers and not plugs (e.g., Vargas et al 2009;Shelly 2010;Leblanc et al 2011;Wee & Shelly 2013;Stringer et al 2019). As noted above, however, wafers are impractical for large-scale trapping programs, because placing them in Jackson traps is a cumbersome and time-consuming process.…”

An Overview of Indian Dacine Fruit Flies (Diptera: Tephritidae: Dacinae: Dacini)

“…These attractants are Methyl isoeugenol also used in the surveillance system targeting more than one species at a time and are a powerful monitoring tool for the early detection of a species and population monitoring. Stringer et al (2019) reported that in fruit fly management using various lure combinations reduces the cost of operation. Recently in Oceania and Asia, more attractive male lures (isoeugenol, methylisoeugenol, dihydroeugenol, and zingerone) were identified for several weakly CL-and methyl eugenol (ME) responsive species (Royer et al, 2019).…”

Diversity and abundance of fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) on different host plants in Depok and Bogor Districts, West Java, Indonesia

“…Monitoring systems are suggested for the control, eradication, and suppression of fruit flies by trapping systems (Manrakhan et al 2017). Fruit fly trapping systems often use odors such as pheromones, host plant volatiles, and chemical compounds to attract the insects to a trap (Stringer et al 2019). The use of chemical compounds is one way to monitor and manage fruit flies.…”