Effect of maternally-derived antibodies on the performance and immunity of broilers induced by in ovo or post-hatching immunizations with a live vaccine against infectious bursal disease

Abstract

The interference of low or high maternal antibodies titers on the attenuated infectious bursal disease (IBD) virus (IBDV) vaccine infection and its effects on the performance of broilers vaccinated at the 18th day of incubation (in ovo), at one day of age (subcutaneously-SC), or at 15 days of age (drinking water-DW) were investigated. After a series of three live vaccinations, breeders were given or not an IBD oil emulsion vaccine (IBD-OEV) prior to sexual maturity. At day 18 of incubation (in ovo), a commercial vaccine containing HVT and an intermediate IBDV strain or the single HVT vaccine was given. An intermediate IBDV vaccine was given SC at one day of age, or at 15 days of age via DW. The progeny of unvaccinated breeders presented higher neutralizing IBDVspecific antibody (IBDVab) titers at 25 and 40 days of age than those of the progeny of IBD-OEV breeders (p<0.05) at any broilers vaccination age and route. The lower IBDV RNA detection by RT-PCR in the bursa of Fabricius (BF) and the lower IBDV antibody titers in the serum of the groups vaccinated at one and 15 days of age derived from IBD-OEV breeders may indicate antibody-mediated IBDV neutralization. The inovo and one-day vaccinations did not interfere with performance, both in low and high antibody-titered progenies. The in-ovo vaccination against IBD is considered convenient and safe for industrial chickens, irrespective their maternal antibody levels

Effect of Embryo Thermal Stimulation on the Serum Levels of Immunoglobulins and Corticosterone, and Organ Histopathology of 1 day-old Broilers

“…Immunosuppression is directly related to the integrity of the bursal tissue. Studies reporting bursal tissue lesions caused IBD vaccine viruses showed that they may induce similar or even more severe lesions than field viruses (Michell, 2009). The bursal lesions found in the present study are consistent with those reported in poultry with immunosuppressive diseases, including lymphoid depletion and necrosis, intermolecular inflammatory infiltration, edema, and hyperemia.…”

Histopathology and Serology Reaction to an Immune Complex Infectious Bursal Disease Vaccine (V877 Strain) in SPF and Commercial Birds

“…Thus, the effect of vaccine strain was detected significantly only at 28 days of age in field observation 1 where there was a higher level of maternal antibodies on the first day ( Table 2). The neutralizing effect of passive antibodies on the moment of "vaccine uptake" is well known and widely discussed in literature about conventional vaccines (MICHELL et al, 2009). The results of this study show that this dynamics occurs in a similar way when vaccines with immune complex technology are used, delaying the detection of the effect of the vaccine strain on the bursal parenchyma of birds that have higher maternal antibodies.…”

Comparative Immunogenicity Evaluation of Two Commonly Used Infectious Bursal Disease Vaccines in Broiler Chickens in Ethiopia

“…The study revealed that 73.6% maternal antibody transfer rate [23]. Researchers confirmed that the level of MDA of chicks was below the level of protection between 15-20 days [24] and 15 days [25] and 4-7 days [26] after hatching. However, the use of different types of vaccine and vaccination schedules affects the protection of MDA [24].…”