We have revisited the considerations of perpendicular recording at 1 Tb/in 2 . We have extensively modeled head designs with the down-track shield (DS) and head designs with the down-track and side shields (DS-SS). The side shields are needed to reduce the thermal erase width, however, there is a substantial reduction in effective write field for the DS-SS heads compared to the DS heads. This reduction in effective write field defines an upper limit for the anisotropy of the medium that can be written. As a consequence, it is hard to simultaneously achieve writability and the thermal stability requirement for 1 Tb/in 2 .Index Terms-Bit-aspect ratio (BAR), effective write field, finite-element model (FEM), micromagnetic model, neighborhood induced transition shift (NITS), perpendicular recording, side shields, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), soft underlayer (SUL), Tb/in 2 , thermal erase width, transition jitter, transition shift, writability, write width.