Effect of metakaolin and natural fibres on three-dimensional printing mortar

Bohuchval, Marie; Sonebi, Mohamed; Amziane, Sofiane; Perrot, Arnaud

doi:10.1680/jcoma.20.00009

Cited by 16 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…The mixtures with the lowest superplasticiser content (2 kg/m 3 ) were noticeably stiffer, making mixtures 1, 3, 5, 10, and 13 not printable. As shown by past research [ 12 , 33 , 56 ], slump flow can also be enhanced by increasing the dosages of CEM and FA in the mixture. Despite having the lowest SP dosages, mixes 7, 12, and 14 were printable and had slump flow values greater than 200 mm due to the high concentration of CEM and FA [ 57 , 58 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 79%

“…Adding SP improves the surface coating of cement (CEM) and fly ash (FA) particles by a polymer, resulting in steric hindrance and electrostatic repulsion between the particles, and hence requiring less force to disperse the particles and resulting in lower yield stress [ 59 ]. Mortar mixes that include fly ash have been found to offer increased resistance to segregation and improved cohesiveness [ 33 , 60 ], while basalt fibre decreases both the mortar’s fresh flow and its deformation ability [ 12 , 33 , 34 ]. The yield stress of mortar increases with the incorporation of fly ash and basalt fibre, but the improvement is not as significant as the decrease in yield stress due to the addition of SP, see Equation (11).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The improvement in yield stress due to addition of FA content can be attributed to the increase in cohesion and decrease in segregation [ 61 , 62 ]. The basalt fibre acts as reinforcement, distributing the applied stress over a larger volume and preventing the propagation of cracks while improving cohesiveness through the formation of a network in the mortar matrix [ 33 , 63 ]. However, compared to the negative effect of SP (−383.9), the influence of FA (+53.8) and BA (+41.3) content is very small.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…PCE is particularly effective at improving flowability because it reduces plastic viscosity through steric hindrance, which reduces attraction forces between particles and prevents them from coming into close contact [ 28 , 29 , 31 ]. Unlike superplasticisers, fibre is known to increase the yield stress of concrete [ 33 , 34 ]. The addition of fibres to concrete can significantly increase its flexural and tensile strength, but it is important to carefully control the amount of fibre used [ 35 , 36 , 37 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Optimisation of Mix Proportion of 3D Printable Mortar Based on Rheological Properties and Material Strength Using Factorial Design of Experiment

et al. 2023

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In the production of 3D printable mortar (3DPM), numerous efforts have been made globally to effectively utilise various cementitious materials, admixtures, and fibres. The determination of rheological and material strength properties is crucial for successful 3D concrete printing because the materials used in 3DPM must possess the unique characteristic of making mortar flowable while being strong enough to support the weight of subsequent layers in both fresh and hardened states. The complexity of the required characteristics makes it challenging to develop an optimised mix composition that satisfies both the rheological and material strength requirements, given the wide range of available admixtures, supplementary cementitious materials, and fibres. Fly ash, basalt fibre and superplasticiser when blended with cement can help to improve the overall performance of 3DPM. The objective of this research is to optimise the rheological properties and material strength of 3D printable mortars (3DPM) containing cement, fly ash, basalt fibre, and superplasticiser. This study aims to produce 3DPM with an optimised mix composition to meet the requirements of both rheological and material strength characteristics using the factorial design approach and desirability function. Different dosages of cement, fly ash, basalt fibre, and superplasticiser are chosen as the primary design parameters to develop statistical models for the responses of rheological and material strength properties at 7 and 28 days. The results expressed in terms of the measured properties are valid for mortars made with cement ranging from 550 to 650 kg/m3, fly ash from 5% to 20% (of cement), superplasticiser from 2 to 4 kg/m3, and basalt fibre from 1 to 3 kg/m3. The rheological properties are evaluated using slump flow, cone penetrometer, and cylindrical slump tests, while the mechanical strength is evaluated using a three-point bending test and compressive test. A full factorial design experiment (FoE) is used to determine the significant parameters effecting the measured properties. Prediction models are developed to express the measured properties in terms of the primary parameters. The influence of cement, fly ash, basalt fibre, and superplasticiser is analysed using polynomial regression to determine the main effects and interactions of these primary parameters on the measured properties. The results show that the regression models established by the factorial design approach are effective and can accurately predict the performance of 3DPM. Cement, fly ash, and superplasticiser dosages have significant effects on the rheological and mechanical properties of mortar, while basalt fibre is able to influence the static yield stress and flexural strength of 3DPM. The utilisation of regression models and isoresponse curves allows for the identification of significant trends and provides valuable insight into the behaviour of the material, while desirability function is useful to optimise overall performance of mix proportions to meet the desired performance objective at fresh and hardened states.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 79%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Optimisation of Mix Proportion of 3D Printable Mortar Based on Rheological Properties and Material Strength Using Factorial Design of Experiment

et al. 2023

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“…It is also possible to add a layer of material with good bonding strength to the mortar material between the mortar layers [ 65 , 66 , 67 , 68 , 69 ], or use some nanomaterials to improve the bonding performance between the fibers and the mortar matrix [ 70 , 71 , 72 , 73 , 74 , 75 , 76 ]. In addition, the chemical modification of polymer fibers can be used to improve the construction process and increase the performance of printing equipment, so that the fiber can penetrate the interface between mortar layers and participate in the bonding force between mortar layers [ 77 , 78 , 79 , 80 ]. Through the improvement of materials, machinery and process factors, the reinforcement skeleton is added in the process of mortar printing, in order to achieve fiber reinforcement, reinforcement skeleton setting, prestressed tendon tension and other multi-channel structural reinforcement system [ 81 , 82 , 83 , 84 ].…”

Section: Influence Of Fiber On Interlaminar Bonding Strengthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Properties of 3D-Printed Polymer Fiber-Reinforced Mortars: A Review

Liu

2022

Polymers

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The engineering applications and related research of fiber-reinforced cement and geopolymer mortar composites are becoming more and more extensive. These reinforced fibers include not only traditional steel fibers and carbon fibers, but also synthetic polymer fibers and natural polymer fibers. Polymer fiber has good mechanical properties, good bonding performance with cement and geopolymer mortars, and excellent performance of cracking resistance and reinforcement. In this paper, representative organic synthetic polymer fibers, such as polypropylene, polyethylene and polyvinyl alcohol, are selected to explore their effects on the flow properties, thixotropic properties and printing time interval of fresh 3D-printed cement and geopolymer mortars. At the same time, the influence of mechanical properties, such as the compressive strength, flexural strength and interlaminar bonding strength of 3D-printed cement and geopolymer mortars after hardening, is also analyzed. Finally, the effect of polymer fiber on the anisotropy of 3D-printed mortars is summarized briefly. The existing problems of 3D-printed cement and polymer mortars are summarized, and the development trend of polymer fiber reinforced 3D-printed mortars is prospected.

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