Effect of Metal Barrier Layer for Flexible Solar Cell Devices on Stainless Steel Substrates

Kim, Kyoung‐Bo

doi:10.5757/asct.2017.26.1.16

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 9 publications

(11 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…[ 3 ] Due to their direct bandgap nature, second‐generation CIGS thin films have high optical absorption coefficients in the visible light region (≈10 5 cm −1 ) and require only 2–3 µm thick absorber layers, i.e., ≈100× thinner than c‐Si. [ 4,5 ] Thin absorbers reduce material usage and enable light and flexible PV devices when grown on polymer (polyamide, Upilex, and Kapton [ 6–9 ] ), stainless steel, [ 10,11 ] enameled steel, [ 12,13 ] titanium, [ 12,14 ] flexible glass, [ 15 ] and zirconia‐based ceramic substrates. [ 16,17 ] Flexibility in module shape and an aesthetically pleasing black appearance find applications in slanted roofs, windows, facades, and curtain walls for energy production.…”

Section: Cu(inga)(sse)2 Photovoltaicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Present Status of Solution‐Processing Routes for Cu(In,Ga)(S,Se)₂ Solar Cell Absorbers

Suresh

Uhl

2021

Advanced Energy Materials

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Photovoltaic technologies offer a sustainable solution to the challenge of meeting increasing energy demands. Chalcopyrite Cu(In,Ga)(S,Se)2, short CIGS—thin‐film solar cells—having intrinsically p‐type absorbers with a tunable direct bandgap—exhibits one of the highest stabilized power conversion efficiencies of 23.35%, utilizing absorbers typically fabricated via vacuum deposition methods. Research is increasingly devoted to absorbers deposited by solution processing techniques, which may inherently improve material usage, increase throughput, and lower financial barriers to commercialization. However, the performance of current devices with solution‐processed absorbers is still falling short of their vacuum‐processed counterparts with record power conversion efficiencies up to 18.7% reported to date. While hydrazine solvent‐based routes offer reduced residual impurities, their toxicity poses hindrances to widespread adoption. Alternatively, less toxic and environmentally friendly routes based on protic and aprotic solvents are being researched and are showing promising device efficiencies well above 14%. This review describes the current status of CIGS solar cell absorber layers fabricated by pure solution‐based deposition methods, provides a comparison of champion solution‐processed devices (with and without hydrazine), and offers an outlook for future improvements.

show abstract

Section: Cu(inga)(sse)2 Photovoltaicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Present Status of Solution‐Processing Routes for Cu(In,Ga)(S,Se)₂ Solar Cell Absorbers

Suresh

Uhl

2021

Advanced Energy Materials

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…This creates nucleation centers and promotes nucleation of the next deposited material (in this case Mo), leading to a strong adhesion of Mo to the substrates [22–24]. The Mo/Cr back contact has been already proposed in flexible thin-film solar cells on metallic foils and stainless steel [25–28]. However, in these reports Cr was used as a barrier layer to reduce/prevent impurity out-diffusion from the metallic substrate to the absorber layer and its effect on the adhesion of the back contact was not studied.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of Mo/Cr bilayer back contacts for thin-film solar cells

Khoshsirat¹,

Ali²,

Tiong³

et al. 2018

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Molybdenum (Mo) is the most commonly used material as back contact in thin-film solar cells. Adhesion of Mo film to soda–lime glass (SLG) substrate is crucial to the performance of solar cells. In this study, an optimized bilayer structure made of a thin layer of Mo on an ultra-thin chromium (Cr) adhesion layer is used as the back contact for a copper zinc tin sulfide (CZTS) thin-film solar cell on a SLG substrate. DC magnetron sputtering is used for deposition of Mo and Cr films. The conductivity of Mo/Cr bilayer films, their microstructure and surface morphology are studied at different deposition powers and working pressures. Good adhesion to the SLG substrate has been achieved by means of an ultra-thin Cr layer under the Mo layer. By optimizing the deposition conditions we achieved low surface roughness, high optical reflectance and low sheet resistivity while we could decrease the back contact thickness to 600 nm. That is two thirds to half of the thickness that is currently being used for bilayer and single layer back contact for thin-film solar cells. We demonstrate the excellent properties of Mo/Cr bilayer as back contact of a CZTS solar cell.

show abstract

CIGS Thin Film Photovoltaic—Approaches and Challenges

Keßler

Hariskos

Spiering

et al. 2019

Springer Series in Optical Sciences

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Effect of Metal Barrier Layer for Flexible Solar Cell Devices on Stainless Steel Substrates

Cited by 6 publications

References 9 publications

Present Status of Solution‐Processing Routes for Cu(In,Ga)(S,Se)₂ Solar Cell Absorbers

Present Status of Solution‐Processing Routes for Cu(In,Ga)(S,Se)₂ Solar Cell Absorbers

Optimization of Mo/Cr bilayer back contacts for thin-film solar cells

CIGS Thin Film Photovoltaic—Approaches and Challenges

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Effect of Metal Barrier Layer for Flexible Solar Cell Devices on Stainless Steel Substrates

Cited by 6 publications

References 9 publications

Present Status of Solution‐Processing Routes for Cu(In,Ga)(S,Se)2 Solar Cell Absorbers

Present Status of Solution‐Processing Routes for Cu(In,Ga)(S,Se)2 Solar Cell Absorbers

Optimization of Mo/Cr bilayer back contacts for thin-film solar cells

CIGS Thin Film Photovoltaic—Approaches and Challenges

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Present Status of Solution‐Processing Routes for Cu(In,Ga)(S,Se)₂ Solar Cell Absorbers

Present Status of Solution‐Processing Routes for Cu(In,Ga)(S,Se)₂ Solar Cell Absorbers