Effect of mode of delivery and parities on the occurrence of urinary incontinence during pregnancy

Abstract

Introduction The urinary incontinence (UI) is a common pathology among women. In the gestation period, it is even more predominant, affecting between 20% and 67%. Objective To evaluate the relation between modes of delivery and parity on the occurrence of urinary incontinence during pregnancy. Methodology 80 pregnant and postpartum women, treated at the Hospital da Mulher, in Campo Grande, MS, Brazil, were selected during September and October 2011, following the inclusion and exclusion criteria of the research. The evaluation protocol consisted of a questionnaire on the clinical history of the patients, gynecological complications, urogynecologic and obstetric information. Results For independent samples, the comparison between the main values observed for the UI was given by the Mann-Whitney test and correlations between urinary incontinence and other variables were given by the Spearman's rank correlation coefficient. The studied group consisted of 40 (50%) primiparous and 40 (50%) multiparous women. The correlation between the following variables was not significant: parity and UI (r = 0.04, p = 0.7); parity and SUI (r = -0.81, p = 0.5); and parity and urge incontinence (r = 0.14, p = 0.19). In addition, the correlation obtained between vaginal delivery and the presence of urinary incontinence in primiparous (r = 0.08, p = 0.61) and in multiparous (r = -0.05, p = 0.76) was also not significant. The same occurs when cesarean delivery is correlated to urinary incontinence in primiparous (r = -0.08, p = 0.61) and multiparous women (r = -0.10, p = 0.5). Conclusion Parity and mode of delivery were not significantly associated with the occurrence of urinary incontinence during pregnancy.

Associated factors to urinary incontinence in women undergoing urodynamic testing

“…We emphasize that a misuse of forceps is associated to pelvic floor dysfunctions, leading to the appearance of UI (17,(28)(29)(30) . Epidural analgesia is cited as a risk factor for UI as it causes prolongation of the expulsive period, increasing the risk of pelvic floor injury.…”

Is there an association between parity and urinary incontinence in women during pregnancy and the first year postpartum?: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

“…Risk of bias for the outcome measurement was judged as high for three studies since they did not state the questions used, 21–23 and seven studies were rated of medium risk of bias since the questions were asked in an interview. We judged 24 studies as high risk of bias for study confounding because they did not conduct multivariable analysis and these studies were subsequently judged of medium risk of bias for statistical analysis and reporting 6,21–43 . An additional two studies were judged as medium risk of bias for statistical analysis and reporting because they had not fully reported results 44,45 …”

“…Risk of bias for the risk factor measurement domain was low for all studies. Risk of bias for the outcome measurement was judged as high for three studies since they did not state the questions used, 21–23 and seven studies were rated of medium risk of bias since the questions were asked in an interview. We judged 24 studies as high risk of bias for study confounding because they did not conduct multivariable analysis and these studies were subsequently judged of medium risk of bias for statistical analysis and reporting 6,21–43 .…”

“…Four studies examined any UI in the past pregnancy, [20][21][22]51 three of which could be pooled, three studies examined SUI, 22,27,44 and two studies examined UUI. 22,44 Women who had one or more child(ren) were more likely to have UI any time during pregnancy than women pregnant with their first child (OR: 1.59 [1.26-2.00], 5 studies, 1565 participants, fixed effect; Figure 5).…”

Histórico Gestacional De Mulheres Com Incontinência Urinária

“…Este artigo é parte de uma pesquisa mais ampla, que investigou a constipação intestinal em mulheres com incontinência urinária. Diante de uma amostra considerável para o período de coleta, a escassez de dados epidemiológicos nacionais e a menção de diversos autores a respeito da história gestacional como fator de risco para IU, decidiu-se por analisar o histórico gestacional desse grupo de mulheres (10)(11) , buscando compreender a sua relação com o subtipo de incontinência apresentada. Logo, o objetivo do estudo foi analisar a relação do histórico gestacional com a incontinência urinária em mulheres.…”