Effect of moderate physical exercise on serum lipoproteins. A controlled clinical trial with special reference to serum high-density lipoproteins.

Abstract

SUMMARY A controlled trial is reported on the effects of mild-to-moderate physical activity on serum lipoproteins. After two baseline examinations 100 asymptomatic middle-aged men were randomly assigned to exercise and control groups. The exercise group participated in a 4-month exercise program that consisted of 3-4 weekly sessions. The control group was advised to maintain their previous exercise habits. The success of the program was corroborated by the increase in VO2 in the training group, but not in the control group. Serum triglycerides decreased from 1.54 ± 0.10 to 1.27 ± 0.08 mmol/1 (p < 0.001) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol increased from 1.27 ± 0.04 to 1.41 ± 0.04 mmol/1 (p < 0.01) in the exercise group during the trial. No change was seen in the control group. As the concentration of apolipoprotein Al stayed constant in both groups, the ratio HDL cholesterol/apolipoprotein Al increased only in the exercise group. The level of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol and apolipoprotein All decreased in both groups during the trial. The alterations in serum triglycerides and HDL cholesterol in the exercise group were not dependent on weight reduction; similar changes were also seen in subjects with constant body weight during the intervention.EPIDEMIOLOGIC STUDIES have suggested that high physical activity is associated with low incidence of coronary heart disease." 2 The mechanism by which physical exercise influences coronary risk factors is not known. Muscular activity may directly protect the cardiovascular system through neural and hemostatic mechanisms or by increasing the vascularity of myocardium. Alternatively, physical exercise may have beneficial effects on the risk factors of coronary heart disease, such as serum lipids and blood pressure.Although several associations between serum lipid levels and physical activity have been reported, it is not clear whether the changes in serum lipid concentrations are directly attributable to physical exercise itself. Subjects active at work or during leisure time tend to have lower serum cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations than those with a sedentary occupation or lifestyle, but the differences are not always evident when other factors known to affect serum lipids are controlled. and clinical studies are more difficult to explain, but may be due to confounding factors such as changes in the diet or body weight and seasonal variations in serum lipid concentrations.Considerable evidence has accumulated indicating that the serum level of high-density lipoproteins (HDL) is inversely related to the development of coronary heart disease.7-9 On the other hand, the concentration of HDL has been demonstrated to be high in subjects with very vigorous physical activity.10-12 We report here the results of a controlled study on the effects of mild-to-moderate physical exercise on HDL and other lipoproteins in asymptomatic middle-aged men. Methods SubjectsThe subjects were recruited from a group of 110 men, ages 40-45 years, who were contacte...

The Influence of a 100 km Run on the Composition of HDL

“…It has been known for a long time that probands who are physically active exhibit a higher HDL cholesterol level than those who have a sedentary lifestyle and who are physically inactive (6)(7)(8). Of particular significance here is the fact that especially regulär, long-tenn physical exercise (running, swirnrning or bicycle riding for 4 X 30 minutes/week) causes an increase in the serum HDL cholesterol level (13).…”

“…On the other hand, Huttunen et al (8) found that a 4 month program of endurance training brought about an increase in HDL cholesterol values independent of a reduction in weight. In our studies, the 100 km-runners differed in body weight (-5.1% according to Brocd) to a statistically significant degree from the Company employees used for comparison (+ 12.6% according to Brocd).…”

“…The method most widely used to däte for quantifying HDL involves the determination of the proportiPrt of cholesterol in HDL following Separation of the HDL by ültracentrifuga-*tion or precipitation of apolipoprotein Bfcontaining lipoproteins. It has been shown in various investigations that physical activity residts in an increase in HDL cholesterol concentration (6,7,8). However, the HDL do not represent a singje substarice, but a heterogeneous group of macromolecules varying in composition, metabolism and physicochemical properties.…”

Studies on the proteins involved in the interaction of high&#x2010;density lipoprotein with isolated human small intestine epithelial cells

“…The preparation and characterization of polyclonal anti-ape A.I and anti.ape A-II antibodies [13], and antibody against ape A-1-BP [9] has been described previously.…”

Relationship of Cigarette Smoking, Alcohol Use, Recreational Exercise and Obesity with Serum Lipid Atherogenicity: A Study of Self-Defense Officials in Japan

“…10, 11); alcohol consumption and physical activity increase serum HDL-C concentration, thereby conferring an antiatherogenic property [9][10][11][12][13][14][15] However, few studies have evaluated the relative importance of these factors in the variation of atherogenicity of serum lipid profile 8.10.16) We investigated the relationship of cigarette smoking, alcohol use, recreational physical activity and obesity with serum lipid atherogenicity in middle-aged Japanese men.…”