Effect of modified Soxhlet (Soxtec) and Folch extraction method selection on the total lipid determination of aged beef

Holman, Benjamin W.B.; Bailes, Kristy L.; Meyer, Richard G.; Hopkins, David L.

doi:10.1007/s13197-019-03878-4

Cited by 42 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Then, the yellow mealworms were lyophilized using a freeze dryer (FD5-2.5, Gold-SIM, USA), and their guts were separated from the yellow mealworms. Lipids and proteins in yellow mealworms were extracted from the lyophilized yellow mealworm bodies using the modified chloroform–methanol method and the insect protein extraction kit (Bestbio, China), , respectively. Different tissues/components including guts, yellow mealworm bodies, frass, extracted lipids, and proteins were burned using a biological oxidizer (OX-500, Zinsser Analytic, Germany) .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biodegradation of Graphene Oxide by Insects (Tenebrio molitor Larvae): Role of the Gut Microbiome and Enzymes

Liu

Zhao

Lü

et al. 2022

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Biodegradation of graphene materials is critical for understanding their environmental process and fate. Thus, biodegradation and mineralization of graphene oxide (GO) by an insect (yellow mealworms, Tenebrio molitor larvae) were investigated. Twenty mealworms could eat up a piece of GO film (1.5 × 1.5 cm) in 15 days. The ingested GO film underwent degradation, and the residual GO sheets were observed in the frass. Raman imaging confirmed that the residual GO (I D /I G , 1.16) was more defective than the pristine GO film (I D /I G , 0.95). 14 C analysis showed that GO sheets were partially mineralized into CO 2 (0.26%) and assimilated into biomass compositions (e.g., lipid and protein) (0.36%). Gut microbes and extracellular enzymes in yellow mealworms played crucial roles in GO degradation, and the predominant gut microbes for GO biodegradation were identified as Enterobacteriaceae bacteria (e.g., Escherichia−Shigella sp.). Two biodegradation products belonging to hydroxylated or carboxylated aromatic compounds were formed with the assistance of electrons and hydroxyl radicals in mealworm guts. These findings are useful for better understanding the environmental and biological fate of graphene materials.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biodegradation of Graphene Oxide by Insects (Tenebrio molitor Larvae): Role of the Gut Microbiome and Enzymes

Liu

Zhao

Lü

et al. 2022

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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“…We used the Soxhlet [ 21 ] extraction method to determine the lipid content of the liver. We use an organic solvent to extract the lipid in the sample with Soxhlet extractor, make it dissolve in the organic solvent, and then evaporate the solvent, weigh the residual, and measure the lipid content in the sample.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differentially Expressed Hepatic Genes Revealed by Transcriptomics in Pigs with Different Liver Lipid Contents

Lyu

Xiang

Wang

et al. 2022

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

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The liver is the center for uptake, synthesis, packaging, and secretion of lipids and lipoproteins. The research on lipid metabolism in pigs is limited. The objective of the present study is to identify the genes related to lipid metabolism and oxidative stress in pigs by using transcriptomic analysis. Liver segments were collected from 60 Jinhua pigs for the determination of liver lipid content. The 7 pigs with the highest and lowest liver lipid content were set as group H and group L, respectively. Liver segments and serum samples were collected from each pig of the H and L groups for RNA sequencing and the determination of triglycerides (TG) content and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL) content, respectively. The HDL content in the serum of pigs in the H group was significantly higher than the L group ( P < 0.05 ). From transcriptomic sequencing, 6162 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified, among which 2962 were upregulated and 3200 downregulated genes with the increase in the liver content of Jinhua pigs. After GO enrichment and KEGG analyses, lipid modification, cellular lipid metabolic process, cholesterol biosynthetic process, fatty acid metabolic process, oxidoreduction coenzyme metabolic process, oxidoreductase activity, acting on CH-OH group of donors, response to oxidative stress, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), sphingolipid metabolism, and oxidative phosphorylation pathways were involved in lipid metabolism and oxidative stress in Jinhua pigs. For further validation, we selected 10 DEGs including 7 upregulated genes (APOE, APOA1, APOC3, LCAT, CYP2E1, GPX1, and ROMO1) and 4 downregulated genes (PPARA, PPARGC1A, and TXNIP) for RT-qPCR verification. To validate these results in other pig species, we analyzed these 10 DEGs in the liver of Duroc×Landrace×Yorkshire pigs. Similar expression patterns of these 10 DEGs were observed. These data would provide an insight to understand the gene functions regulating lipid metabolism and oxidative stress and would potentially provide theoretical basis for the development of strategies to modulate lipid metabolism and even control human diabetes and obesity by gene regulations.

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“…Detailed experimental methods for Intramuscular Fat (IMF) analysis are described in-depth by Holman et al (Holman et al, 2019).…”

Section: Meat Quality and Carcass Traits Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification and Functional Prediction of Circular RNAs Related to Growth Traits and Skeletal Muscle Development in Duroc pigs

Chen

et al. 2022

Front. Genet.

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Porcine skeletal muscle is a highly heterogeneous tissue type, and the Longissimus Dorsi muscle (LDM), as the most economical and physiologically metabolized skeletal muscle in pigs, has always been the focus of research and improvement in pig molecular breeding. Circular RNA, as an important new member of regulatory non-coding RNA after microRNA, has become a frontier hot spot in life science research. This study aims to explore candidate circRNAs related to growth, meat quality, and skeletal muscle development among Duroc pigs with different average daily gain (ADG). Eight pigs were selected and divided into two groups: H group (high-ADG) and L group (low-ADG), followed by RNA-Seq analysis to identify circRNAs. The results showed that backfat at 6-7 rib (BF) and Intramuscular fat (IMF) content in the H group was significantly lower than L group, but ribeye area (REA) in the H group was higher than in the L group. In RNA-seq, 296 Differentially expressed (DE) circRNAs (157 upregulated and 139 downregulated) were identified and exons flanking long introns are easier to circularize to produce circRNAs. Most of the DE circRNAs were enriched in Quantitative trait locus (QTL) regions related to meat quality and growth traits. In addition, a gene can produce one or more circRNA transcripts. It was also found that the source genes of DE circRNAs were enriched in MAPK, FoXO, mTOR, PI3K-Akt, and Wnt signaling pathways. The results showed that different ADG, carcass, and meat quality traits among half-sibling Duroc pigs with the same diet may be due to the DE circRNAs related to skeletal muscle growth and development.

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Effect of modified Soxhlet (Soxtec) and Folch extraction method selection on the total lipid determination of aged beef

Cited by 42 publications

References 20 publications

Biodegradation of Graphene Oxide by Insects (Tenebrio molitor Larvae): Role of the Gut Microbiome and Enzymes

Biodegradation of Graphene Oxide by Insects (Tenebrio molitor Larvae): Role of the Gut Microbiome and Enzymes

Differentially Expressed Hepatic Genes Revealed by Transcriptomics in Pigs with Different Liver Lipid Contents

Identification and Functional Prediction of Circular RNAs Related to Growth Traits and Skeletal Muscle Development in Duroc pigs

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