Effect of molecular weight of hyaluronic acid (HA) on viscoelasticity and particle texturing feel of HA dermal biphasic fillers

Abstract

BackgroundHyaluronic acid (HA) dermal biphasic fillers are synthesized for their efficacy in correcting aesthetic defects such as wrinkles, scars and facial contouring defects. The fillers consist of crosslinked HA microspheres suspended in a noncrosslinked HA. To extend the duration of HAs within the dermis and obtain the particle texturing feel, HAs are crosslinked to obtain the suitable mechanical properties.ResultsHyaluronic acid (HA) dermal biphasic fillers are prepared by mixing the crosslinked HA microspheres and the noncrosslinked HAs. The elastic modulus of the fillers increased with raising the volume fraction of the microspheres. The mechanical properties and the particle texturing feel of the fillers made from crosslinked HA (1058 kDa) microspheres suspended in noncrosslinked HA (1368 kDa) are successfully achieved, which are adequate for the fillers.ConclusionsDermal biphasic HA fillers made from 1058 kDa exhibit suitable elastic moduli (211 to 420 Pa) and particle texturing feel (scale 7 ~ 9).

Dissolving microneedle with high molecular weight hyaluronic acid to improve skin wrinkles, dermal density and elasticity

“…The wrinkle‐improving effect was the major difference in the mean depth of biggest wrinkles improvement between 15.69% in the Ad‐HMN group and 0.41% in the Ad‐LMN group after 8 weeks of use. These results indicated that the Ad‐HMN group efficiently transfers high molecular weight HA into the skin, and the Ad‐HMN group has more wrinkle improvement to the Ad‐LMN group due to the high degree of swelling of the high molecular weight HA relative to the low molecular weight HA of Ad‐LMN group [21,22]. These results indicated the successful manufacture and application of microneedle cosmetics using high molecular weight HA without the conventional HA synthesized by cross‐linking.…”

Effect of polyethylene glycol molecular weight on cell growth behavior of polyvinyl alcohol/carboxymethyl cellulose/polyethylene glycol hydrogel

“…The pore size was then determined by using the optical microscope equipped with the iSolution Lite image software. [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21] Compressive strength of the irradiated PVA/ CMC hydrogels was examined by using an Instron 5564 with a crosshead speed of 10 mm/min. The specimen with a diameter of 15 mm and a thickness of 5 mm was fabricated and the strength was determined at a point where the specimen thickness decreased by 50%.…”

“…The extract test method was conducted on the irradiated PVA/CMC/PEG hydrogels to evaluate the potential of cytotoxicity according to the International Organization for Standardization (ISO 10993-5). [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21] The hydrogels were extracted aseptically in single strength minimum essential medium (1× MEM, Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium [Gibco, Paisley, United Kingdom] with 10% fetal bovine serum [Gibco, Paisley, United Kingdom] and 1% penicillin-streptomycin) with serum. The ratio of the hydrogels to the extraction vehicle was 0.1 g/ml (ISO 10993-12).…”

“…Detailed experimental procedures are described elsewhere. [4,5,[13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21] Cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8, Dojindo Molecular Technologies, Inc., Rockville, MD, USA) is used for the assay of cell proliferation. CCK-8, being nonradioactive, allows sensitive colorimetric assays for the determination of the number of viable cells in cell proliferation.…”

“…CCK-8, being nonradioactive, allows sensitive colorimetric assays for the determination of the number of viable cells in cell proliferation. [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21] Watersoluble tetrazolium salts were reduced by dehydrogenases in cells to give an orange colored product (formazan), which is soluble in the tissue culture medium. The amount of the formazan dye generated by dehydrogenases in cells is directly proportional to the number of living cells.…”